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心脏植入电子装置的现状与挑战
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Abstract:
随着技术的进步和改进，儿童心脏植入电子装置的应用逐渐普及和成熟。相较成人，儿童心脏植入电子装置植入量少。为应对儿童生长发育需求，心脏植入电子装置植入难度大，适应症相对狭窄，选择适当的脉冲发生器、起搏位点对儿童来说至关重要。经静脉心内膜电极植入，是目前主导的起搏植入方式。但需面临起搏系统及囊袋感染、静脉闭塞、三尖瓣返流等并发症。近年新兴的无导线技术、皮下植入技术、远程监测系统持续为临床提供治疗思路。
With the advancement and improvement of technology, the application of electronic devices implanted in pediatric is gradually becoming more widespread and mature. Compared to adults, the implantation of electronic devices in pediatric is less frequent. To meet the needs of children’s growth and development, the implantation of cardiac electronic devices presents greater difficulty and narrower indications. The selection of appropriate pulse generators and pacing sites is crucial for pediatric patients. Currently, intravenous endocardial electrode implantation is the dominant method for pacemaker implantation. However, this approach is associated with complications such as pacemaker system and pocket infection, venous occlusion, and tricuspid regurgitation. In recent years, emerging technologies including wireless techniques, subcutaneous implantation, and remote monitoring systems have provided continuous therapeutic options for clinical practice.
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