失效模式与效应分析在血透中心仪器设备风险管理中的应用研究
Application of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis in Risk Management of Instruments and Equipment in Hemodialysis Center

目的：探讨失效模式与效应分析工具在血透中心仪器设备风险管理中的应用效果。方法：比较应用失效模式与效应分析管理工具前后，血透中心仪器设备故障发生情况、血透中心护士仪器设备使用考核情况及风险优先值的变化情况。结果：应用失效模式与效应分析管理工具前后血透中心仪器设备故障发生率分别为3.65%和1.31%；血透中心护士仪器设备使用的理论知识分别为78.3 ± 6.2分、86.3 ± 4.5分；操作能力分别为75.5 ± 3.7分、82.4 ± 1.9分；风险优先值有不同程度的下降。结论：失效模式与效应分析工具的使用可降低血透中心仪器设备的使用风险，对血透中心仪器设备的风险管理起到正面推动作用。其他医院血透中心可考虑将失效模式与效应分析工具引入到血透中心的仪器设备管理中去。
Objective: To explore the application effect of failure mode and effect analysis tool in the risk management of hemodialysis center equipment. Methods: Before and after applying the management tool of failure mode and effect analysis, the occurrence of equipment failure in hemodialysis center, the assessment of nurses’ equipment use in hemodialysis center and the change of risk priority value were compared. Results: The failure rate of instruments and equipment in hemodialysis center was 3.65% and 1.31% respectively before and after applying the failure mode and effect analysis management tool. The theoretical knowledge of the equipment used by nurses in hemodialysis center was 78.3 ± 6.2 points and 86.3 ± 4.5 points respectively. The operating capacity was 75.5 ± 3.7 points and 82.4 ± 1.9 points respectively. The risk priority value has decreased in different degree. Conclusion: The use of failure mode and effect analysis tools can reduce the risk of the use of instruments and equipment in hemodialysis center, and play a positive role in promoting the risk management of instruments and equipment in hemodialysis center. Other hemodialysis centers in other hospitals may consider introducing failure mode and effect analysis tools into the equipment management of hemodialysis centers.