笛卡尔《第一哲学沉思集》结构浅析
Structure Analysis of Descartes’ Meditations on First Philosophy

笛卡尔在《第一哲学沉思集》中瓦解了原来旧经院哲学的基础，建立了新的规则。该书共包括六个沉思，从普遍怀疑到第一原则“我思”的建立，再逐步追溯到第一原因“上帝”，再到物质性东西存在的论证，体现了严密的逻辑性。笛卡尔使用普遍怀疑的方法建立了一个不可怀疑的原则，在此基础上继续推演寻找到了其它更多确定的知识。作为近代哲学之父，笛卡尔开启了理性时代的新篇章，他的哲学思想在西方哲学史上具有转折性的意义。
In his Meditations on First Philosophy, Descartes breaks down the foundations of the old Scholasticism and establishes new rules. The book consists of six meditations, from universal skepticism to the establishment of the first principle, “Cogito”, and then gradually back to the first cause, “God”, and then to the argument of the existence of material things, which embodies strict logic. Descartes used the method of universal skepticism to establish an unquestionable principle, and then went on to extrapolate to find other, more certain knowledge. As the father of modern philosophy, Descartes has opened a new chapter in the age of reason, and his philosophical thought has a turning significance in A History of Western Philosophy.