膝骨性关节炎中医治疗的研究进展
Research Progress in Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis

膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)是一种常见的骨关节退变性疾病，与软骨下骨、软骨、滑膜、韧带、肌肉和周围脂肪有关。祖国医学对KOA的认识历史悠久，按其临床表现特点，将其归为“痹证”“骨痹”“膝肿”的范畴。中医认为，此病的发生多与肝肾亏虚有关，外感风、寒、湿、热等六淫之邪，伴有痰瘀、瘀血等病机之关键。KOA病因复杂，尚不明确，目前与年龄、性别、体重、职业、基因、环境等因素密切相关。现代医学主要通过健康教育、西药、物理、运动疗法和外科手术等手段来治疗KOA。西医治疗膝骨性关节炎的方法有两种，一种是口服的抗炎药，一种是关节腔内注射药物，但长期应用会对身体造成一定的损害。中医对KOA的治疗多采用中药汤剂、中药熏洗、外敷、针灸、推拿等外治法。本文就进行论述，为此病的防治提供参考。
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative disease of the bone and joint, related to subchondral bone, cartilage, synovium, ligaments, muscles, and surrounding fat. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of understanding KOA, and according to its clinical characteristics, it can be classified into the categories of “Bi syndrome”, “bone Bi”, and “knee swelling”. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of this disease is often related to liver and kidney deficiency, with external pathogenic factors such as wind, cold, dampness, and heat, accompanied by key pathological mechanisms such as phlegm and blood stasis. The etiology of KOA is complex and not yet clear. Currently, it is closely related to factors such as age, gender, weight, occupation, genetics, and environment. Modern medicine mainly treats KOA through methods such as health education, Western medicine, physics, exercise therapy, and surgery. There are two methods for treating knee osteoarthritis in Western medicine: oral anti-inflammatory drugs and intra-articular injection of drugs. However, long-term use can cause certain damage to the body. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) mostly uses external treatment methods such as Chinese herbal decoction, Chinese herbal fumigation, external application, acupuncture and moxibustion, massage and so on to treat KOA. This article discusses the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine treatment for knee osteoarthritis, providing reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease.