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平均大小的整体感知偏差研究进展及影响因素
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Abstract:
整体感知(Ensemble perception)是指人类视觉系统对一组相似物体或场景的整体特征进行信息提取，对整组信息汇总统计并进行处理的能力。本篇综述回顾了平均大小的整体感知偏差及其背后的影响因素，揭示了人类视觉系统在处理复杂视觉环境中的信息时所展现出的独特能力和局限性。研究表明，尽管我们倾向于将视野中的对象分组并提取每组内部的信息以形成整体的印象，但存在一种“放大效应”，即人们倾向于高估一组物体的平均大小。本文梳理了需要进一步研究的关键领域，包括深入探索选择性注意机制、基于显著性的加权策略，以及参照对象如何影响平均大小感知。这些研究对于理解人类如何处理复杂视觉环境中的信息具有重要意义，并为开发能够模拟这些复杂认知过程的人工智能系统提供了更多的启发。
Ensemble perception refers to the human visual system’s ability to extract information about the overall characteristics of a group of similar objects or scenes, and to summarize and process the entire set of information. This review looks back on the biases in the perception of average size in ensemble perception and the underlying influencing factors, revealing the unique abilities and limitations of the human visual system in processing information in complex visual environments. Studies show that, although we tend to group objects in our field of view and extract information within each group to form an overall impression, there is an “amplification effect”, meaning that people tend to overestimate the average size of a group of objects. This article combs through key areas that require further research, including in-depth exploration of selective attention mechanisms, saliency-based weighting strategies, and how reference objects affect the perception of average size. These studies are significant for understanding how humans process information in complex visual environments and provide further insights for the development of artificial intelligence systems capable of simulating these complex cognitive processes.
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