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免疫治疗在小细胞肺癌中的研究新进展
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Abstract:
小细胞肺癌(SCLC)被认为是一种危及人类健康的严重疾病，它的发病率仅为13%~15%，而5年生存率更低，仅为7%。此外，SCLC的早期发展表明它的转移潜力很大，2/3的患者会发现癌细胞早早地蔓延至胸部。因此，我们必须采取措施来防止SCLC的发展，并确保人们的健康。因此，只有一小部分患者适合潜在的治愈性多模态治疗。因此患有这种疾病的患者迫切需要更有效的治疗方法，组学分析显示，SCLC具有广泛的染色体重排和非常高的突变负荷，这导致了免疫检查点抑制剂作为单一药物或与化疗联合使用的发展小细胞肺癌的治疗前景正在迅速发展。有研究表明了比较依托泊苷 卡铂/安慰剂与依托泊苷 卡铂/atezolizumab 依托泊苷 卡铂的一线随机试验(IMpower-133)的结果，显示接受atezolizumab的患者的无进展生存期和总生存期更长。本文对小细胞肺癌患者免疫治疗的研究进展进行综述。
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is considered as a serious disease endangering human health. Its incidence rate is only 13%~15%, while the 5-year survival rate is lower, only 7%. In addition, the early development of SCLC indicates its great potential for metastasis, with two-thirds of patients discovering early spread of cancer cells to the chest. Therefore, we must take measures to prevent the development of SCLC and ensure people’s health. Therefore, only a small portion of patients are suitable for potential curative multimodal therapy. Therefore, patients with this disease urgently need more effective treatment methods. Omics analysis shows that SCLC has a wide range of chromosomal rearrangements and a very high mutation load, which leads to the rapid development of immune checkpoint inhibitors as single drugs or in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of small cell lung cancer. A study has shown that the results of a first-line randomized trial (IMpower-133) comparing etoposide carboplatin/placebo with etoposide carboplatin/atezolizumab etoposide carboplatin showed that patients receiving atezolizumab had longer progression free survival and overall survival. This article provides a review of the research progress in immunotherapy for small cell lung cancer patients.
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