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老年性耳聋干预措施的研究进展
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Abstract:
老年性耳聋(presbycusis)是老年人中最普遍的感觉缺陷，又称年龄相关性听力下降(Age-related hearing loss, ARHL)，是一种随着年龄增长发生听力进行性下降的老年性疾病。ARHL已被广泛证实与跌倒、抑郁、孤独、痴呆和认知能力下降的风险独立相关，并可产生巨大的社会和家庭经济负担。ARHL的发生与多种因素紧密相关，是多因素、多环节共同作用的产物，其目前仍未有明确治疗手段。由于ARHL发病率高，病因、发病机制及病理改变等复杂多样，未来我们需要一个更加个体化和以患者为导向的方法来预防和治疗ARHL。本文对国内外ARHL的干预措施研究进展进行归纳总结，为ARHL的预防及治疗提供参考。
Presbycusis is the most prevalent sensory defect in the elderly, also known as age-related hearing loss (ARHL), a geriatric disease in which progressive hearing loss occurs with age. ARHL has been widely demonstrated to be independently associated with the risk of falls, depression, loneliness, dementia, and cognitive decline, and can generate a significant social and family economic burden. The development of ARHL is closely related to multiple factors and is a multifactorial, multilayered product for which there is still no clear treatment. Due to the high incidence of ARHL and the complexity of its etiology, pathogenesis, and pathological changes, a more individualised and patient-oriented approach to the prevention and treatment of ARHL is needed in the future, and this article summarises the progress of domestic and international research on interventions for ARHL, and provides a reference for the prevention and treatment of ARHL.
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