同伴教育模式在实习护生职业防护教育中的应用研究
Peer Education Model Application Research in Vocational Protection Education of Nursing Students

目的：探讨同伴教育模式在临床实习护生职业防护教育中的应用效果。方法：本研究对象为2022年7月~2023年4月在遵义市某三甲医院实习的160名临床实习护生，随机分成对照组和试验组，各80人。对照组则采取较传统的职业保护培训方式，而试验组则根据同伴培养方式进行了持续性的职业保护培训，并分别于干预前后对两组实习护生采用护生职业防护知识、职业防护行为问卷进行调查。对其实习期间职业防护情况进行对比分析。结果：干预前的两组护生职业防护有关知识知晓率与防护行为的各项评分及总分差异均无统计意义，而在干预后的同伴教育中，护生职业保护相关知识知晓率以及对职业保护能力的项目评价与总分有差异，有统计学意义(P < 0.01)，而对照组则无统计学意义。结论：同伴教育模式直接影响着临床的实习人员职业保护活动，而通过同伴教育模式所提供的持续性职业防护训练方式，能够增强实习人员对职业暴露的风险认知，从而提高实习医疗卫生工作者的防护意识和防护活动的依从性，最大程度降低血源性职业暴露的风险，提高自我防护能力。
Objective: To explore the application effect of peer education model in vocational protection education of clinical nursing students. Methods: The subjects of this study were 160 clinical nursing students who practiced in a third-grade hospital in Zunyi City from July 2022 to April 2023, and were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 80 patients in each group. The control group received more traditional occupational protection training, while the experimental group received continuous occupational protection training according to peer training, and investigated the occupational protection knowledge and occupational protection behavior of nursing students before and after the intervention. The occupational protection situation during the internship was compared and analyzed. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the knowledge awareness rate of occupational protection and the scores and total scores of protective behaviors of nursing students in the two groups before intervention; however, in the peer education after intervention, there were statistically significant differences in the knowledge awareness rate of occupational protection and the evaluation and total scores of vocational protection ability of nursing students (P < 0.01), while there were no statistically significant differences in the control group. Conclusion: Peer education mode directly affects the occupational protection activities of clinical interns, and the continuous occupational protection training mode provided by peer education mode can enhance the risk awareness of interns for occupational exposure, thereby improving the protection awareness and compliance of medical and health workers in practice, and reducing the risk of blood-borne occupational exposure to the greatest extent. Improve self-protection ability.