基于主成分分析的云南省城市综合竞争力分析
Analysis of the Comprehensive Competitiveness of Yunnan Cities Based on Principal Component Analysis

城市竞争力是指一个城市在经济、社会、文化、科技、环境等方面相对于其他城市的综合实力和吸引力，提升城市竞争力有助于增强城市的可持续发展。本文通过构建一个多维度的综合指标评价体系，对云南省各城市(州)的城市规模、经济水平、生态环境、科技人才及对外开放五个维度运用主成分分析法和聚类分析将这些指标转化为综合竞争力指数，以评估各城市的整体竞争力水平。研究结果表明，云南省各城市(州)的综合竞争力水平存在显著差异，总体呈现以昆明市为中心向边缘发散的特点，最外围的城市发展较为缓慢，有较大的发展空间。基于以上研究结果，提出了一些建议，以促进云南省各城市的综合竞争力提升。
Urban competitiveness refers to the comprehensive strength and attractiveness of a city compared with other cities in terms of economy, society, culture, science and technology, environment and other aspects. Enhancing urban competitiveness is helpful to enhancing the sustainable development of cities. In order to evaluate the overall competitiveness of each city in Yunnan Province, this paper constructs a multi-dimensional comprehensive index evaluation system, and uses principal component analysis and cluster analysis to transform these indicators into a comprehensive competitiveness index in five dimensions of urban scale, economic level, ecological environment, scientific and technological talents, and opening up of each city (prefecture) in Yunnan Province. The results show that there are significant differences in the comprehensive competitiveness level of cities (prefectures) in Yunnan Province, and the overall characteristics are that Kunming is the center and diverges to the periphery, and the development of the outermost cities is relatively slow, and there is a large space for development. Based on the above research results, some suggestions are put forward to promote the comprehensive competitiveness of cities in Yunnan Province.