关于中立帮助行为与帮助犯的区分界定问题
Definitional Issues regarding the Distinction between Neutral Acts of Assistance and Helping Offenders

随着社会分工的日益精细化发展，生活的逐渐复杂化也对应着其中涉及刑法的问题应当更加细化的要求，尤其是对于一些似罪非罪的行为更应当有明确的规定，这不仅关涉到对违法犯罪人的精准惩罚与预防，也关系到社会秩序的整体稳定。在共同犯罪中存在的帮助犯，往往与中立帮助行为难以区分，但刑法因其惩罚严厉性而作为保护国家、社会和个人法益的最后一道防线更应该准确界定两概念。只有在明确某一行为属于中立帮助行为后，才能进一步考虑此种中立帮助行为是否具有可罚性。本文主要解决可罚性的前置问题，即中立帮助行为与帮助犯的区分界定，从概念出发，与帮助犯进行对比分析得出中立帮助行为的特点，通过一个具体案例更加深入的理解并以此验证笔者提出的中立帮助行为判断标准的可行性，为进一步的定罪量刑做出更加准确的前置判断。
With the increasingly refined development of social division of labour, the gradual complexity of life also corresponds to the issues involving criminal law should be more detailed requirements, especially for some seemingly non-criminal acts should have clear provisions, which not only relates to the precise punishment and prevention of offenders, but also relates to the overall stability of the social order. The existence of helpers in joint crimes is often difficult to distinguish from neutral helpers, but the criminal law should accurately define the two concepts because of the severity of the punishment as the last line of defence for the protection of the interests of the state, society and individuals. Only after it is clear that an act is a neutral act of assistance can further consideration be given to whether such a neutral act of assistance is punishable. In this paper, the main solution to the problem of punishability of the former, that is, the neutral helping behaviour and help to define the distinction, from the concept of starting, and help to make a comparative analysis of the characteristics of the neutral helping behaviour, through a specific case of a more in-depth understanding and to verify the feasibility of the author’s proposed standards of judgement of the neutral helping behaviour, for the conviction of the sentence to make a more accurate judgement of the former.