《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》中的法律主体角色及其权义责任分析
In the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion of Family Education Analysis of the Role of Legal Subjects and Their Rights and Obligations

法律主体是因法律规定，享有权利、负有义务和承担责任的人或法人组织。在《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》中主要有三类法律主体——家庭、国家和社会：家庭是实施家庭教育的主要角色，承担主体责任；“国家”角色定位于支持家庭教育；“社会”角色定位于协同家庭实施家庭教育。三大法律主体能够在家庭教育领域协同，承担不同的责任，履行不同的权义，一方面是因为三者的目标具有内在一致性，另一方面是三大法律主体在促进家庭教育方面具有不同的优势。同时，在《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》中，三大主体责任边界的确立也有其自身的法律逻辑与张力：法律充分尊重家庭作为主体实施家庭教育，国家和社会支持协同，仅在家庭教育功能失灵或不当发挥时，国家公权力才介入调整。基于此逻辑，应当审慎明确国家、社会介入家庭的限度，以系统的思维明确三大主体的责任边界，激发不同主体在家庭教育中的正面效用。
A legal entity is a person or legal entity that enjoys rights, has obligations, and assumes responsibilities according to legal provisions. In the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion of Family Education, there are mainly three types of legal subjects—the family, the state, and society: the family is the main role in implementing family education and bears the main responsibility; The role of the state is positioned to support family education; The role of “society” is positioned to collaborate with families in implementing family education. The three legal entities can collaborate, assume different responsibilities, and fulfill different rights and obligations in the field of family education. On the one hand, this is because the goals of the three entities are inherently consistent, and on the other hand, the three legal entities have different advantages in promoting family education. At the same time, in the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion of Family Education, the establishment of the responsibility boundaries of the three major subjects also have their own legal logic and tension: the law fully respects the family as the main body to implement family education, and the state and society support coordination. Only when the function of family education fails or is improperly played, the state public power intervenes to adjust. Based on this logic, it is necessary to carefully clarify the limits of state and society intervention in the family. Clarifing the interaction boundaries of the three major subjects with a systematic thinking which could stimulate their positive effects in family education.