农村空巢老人医疗保障研究——以湛江市J镇为例
Research on Medical Security for Rural Empty Nesters—Taking Zhanjiang J Town as an Example

随着人口老龄化进程的不断加快，我国人口结构的不稳定性也在加剧，出现了有效劳动力减少而供养负担加重的局面。同时受经济社会的发展与变革的影响，农村青壮年劳动力逐渐外流，农村呈现出空心化现象，留守农村的空巢老人数量与日俱增，这些空巢老人的医疗保障问题受到广泛关注。在农村地区，乡镇卫生院和村卫生室是主要的医疗保障机构，为农村居民提供常见疾病诊断、救治等基本卫生服务，保障农村居民的健康生活。本文以人口老龄化为背景，将湛江市J镇空巢老人作为调查对象，整体把握农村空巢老人医疗保障问题，将社会支持理论融入对策当中，思考农村空巢老人医疗保障的优化路径。
As the process of population ageing continues to accelerate, the instability of China’s demographic structure is intensifying, with a decrease in the effective workforce and an increase in the burden of support. At the same time, under the influence of economic and social development and change, there has been a gradual exodus of young and middle-aged workers from rural areas, which has led to a hollowing out of the countryside, and the number of empty-nested elderly people left behind in the countryside is increasing day by day, and the issue of medical protection for these empty-nested elderly people has received widespread attention. In rural areas, township health centers and village health offices are the main medical security institutions, providing rural residents with basic health services such as diagnosis and treatment of common diseases, and safeguarding the healthy life of rural residents. This paper takes population aging as the background, takes the empty-nested elderly in J-town of Zhanjiang City as the survey object, grasps the medical security problem of rural empty-nested elderly as a whole, integrates the social support theory into the countermeasures, and thinks about the optimization path of medical security for rural empty-nested elderly.