儿童情绪体验及情绪波动的类型——基于潜在剖面分析
Types of Emotional Experiences and Mood Swings in Children—Based on Potential Profile Analysis

目的：本研究旨在探讨低年级儿童情绪体验及情绪波动的类别，以及性别、是否独生、家庭社会经济地位等人口学变量与儿童情绪体验及情绪波动之间的关系。方法：采用基本信息调查量表、日常情绪体验量表对华北地区某省一所小学三年级共560名儿童进行为期14天的追踪测查。运用潜在剖面分析法探讨儿童情绪体验及情绪波动的类型，采用多元逻辑回归分析析考察性别、是否独生和家庭社会经济地位对儿童积极、消极情绪体验及情绪波动的潜在类别的影响。结论：1) 儿童积极情绪体验及情绪波动分为积极情绪体验高–波动小型与积极情绪体验低–波动大型，儿童消极情绪体验及情绪波动分为消极情绪体验低–波动小型与消极情绪体验高–波动大型。2) 是否独生及家庭社会经济地位是儿童情绪体验及波动潜在类别的主要预测因素。
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the categories of emotional experiences and emotion fluctuation of low-grade children, as well as the relationship between demographic variables such as gender, whether or not they were born alone, and family’s social economy status, and children’s emotional experiences and emotion fluctuation. METHODS: A total of 560 elementary school children in the third grade in a province in North China were followed up for a behavioral period of 14 days using the Basic Information Questionnaire (BIQ) and the Everyday Emotional Experience Scale (EES). Potential profile analysis was used to explore the types of children’s emotional experiences and emotion fluctuation, and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the effects of gender, whether they were born alone, and their family’s socioeconomic status on the potential categories of children’s positive and negative emotional experiences and emotion fluctuation. Conclusions: 1) Children’s positive emotional experiences and emotion fluctuation were categorized into high positive emotion experience—small fluctuations and low positive emotion experience—large fluctuations, and children’s negative emotional experiences and emotion fluctuation were categorized into low negative mood experience—small fluctuations and high negative emotion experience—large fluctuations. 2) Whether or not a child was born alone and the family’s social economy status were the main predictors of the potential categories of children’s emotional experiences and emotion fluctuation.