智慧教室环境下的小学科学课堂问答行为研究
Research on Q&A Behaviors in Primary School Science Classrooms under Smart Classroom Environment

师生问答是课堂教学的重要一环。交互式电子白板、平板电脑等智能设备的加入，革新了传统以言语为媒介的师生问答形式。本研究基于智慧教室环境下小学科学课堂的教学实录，从教师提问方式、教师叫答方式、学生回答类型以及教师理答方式四个方面，从言语和技术两个维度，构建师生问答分析框架，并对5节小学科学课堂的师生问答行为进行分析。结果发现，在智慧教室环境下，教师重视课堂问答。教师提问以言语问答为主，且以封闭性问题居多；叫答方式以群体作答和点名举手学生为主，部分教师有意识使用技术增强叫答环节的趣味性；在学生回答类型方面，基于言语和基于技术的回答各占一半；在教师理答方面，以教师简单表扬、同意学生的说法为主。最后本文结合当前的特征，提出改进策略。
Question-and-answer interactions between teachers and students are a crucial part of classroom teaching. The integration of smart devices such as interactive electronic whiteboards and tablets has revolutionized the traditional verbal-based Q&A format between teachers and students. This study, based on teaching recordings of primary school science classrooms in a smart classroom environment, constructs an analytical framework for teacher-student Q&A interactions from four aspects: teachers’ questioning methods, teachers’ calling-on methods, students’ response types, and teachers’ feedback methods. The analysis covers both verbal and technological dimensions and examines the Q&A behaviors in five primary school science classrooms. The results show that in a smart classroom environment, teachers attach great importance to classroom Q&A interactions. Teachers primarily use verbal questions, with a majority being closed-ended questions. The calling-on methods mainly involve group responses and calling on students who volunteer by raising their hands, while some teachers consciously utilize technology to enhance the fun of this process. In terms of students’ response types, half are based on verbal responses, and the other half utilize technology. In terms of teachers’ feedback, simple praise and agreement with students’ answers are the most common. Finally, the study proposes improvement strategies based on the current characteristics.