顺行交锁髓内钉结合微创内固定系统钢板固定治疗股骨骨折的研究进展
Progress in Treatment of Femoral Fractures with Antegrade Interlocking Intramedullary Nail Combined with Less Invasive Stabilization System Plate Fixation

近年来，随着我国交通运输业和现代工业的迅速发展，意外事故导致的外伤性骨折发生率呈现上升趋势，同时随着人口老龄化的到来，骨质疏松导致的老年性骨折发生率也逐年上升。股骨是人体最长的管状骨，其骨折是临床上常见严重骨折，多见于年轻患者，大部分是由于外伤所致，如高处坠落、交通事故、暴力致伤等。如果不及时采取有效的治疗措施，骨折处的局部神经与血管就可能会受到损伤，造成患者骨折处不愈合、延迟愈合、骨不连、畸形愈合等不良事件发生率增加，不当的治疗手段引起的患者死亡率可达15%~20%，严重影响骨折术后康复效果和患者生存质量。因此，对股骨骨折患者采取及时有效的治疗措施尤为重要。目前股骨骨折的临床治疗方式包括保守治疗(即非手术治疗)和手术治疗(如外固定治疗、内固定治疗、髓内钉治疗以及全膝关节置换)，随着骨科手术治疗技术和内固定材料的不断更新与发展，保守治疗已经逐渐被弃用，手术成为首选治疗方式。本综述主要评估交锁髓内钉与微创内固定系统钢板固定治疗股骨骨折的临床疗效，探讨交锁髓内钉联合微创内固定系统钢板固定治疗股骨骨折的临床应用价值。
In recent years, with the rapid development of transportation industry and modern industry, the incidence of traumatic fracture caused by accidents is on the rise. At the same time, with the arrival of aging population, the incidence of senile fracture caused by osteoporosis is also increasing year by year. Femur bone is the longest tubular bone in human body. Its fracture is a common serious fracture in clinic, which is more common in young patients. Most of it is caused by trauma, such as falling from height, traffic accident, violent injury, etc. If effective treatment measures are not taken in time, local nerves and blood vessels at the fracture site may be damaged, increasing the incidence of adverse events such as nonunion, delayed union, bone nonunion, and malunion. The mortality rate of patients caused by improper treatment methods can reach 15%~20%, seriously affecting the recovery effect after the fracture surgery and the patient’s quality of life. Therefore, it is particularly important to take timely and effective treatment measures for patients with femoral fractures. At present, the clinical treatment of femoral fracture includes conservative treatment (non-surgical treatment) and surgical treatment (such as external fixation, internal fixation, intramedullary nail and total knee replacement). With the continuous renewal and development of orthopedic surgical treatment technology and internal fixation materials, conservative treatment has been gradually abandoned, and surgery has become the preferred treatment. This review mainly evaluates the clinical efficacy of interlocking intramedullary nail and less invasive stabilization system plate fixation in the treatment of femoral fractures, and discusses the clinical application value of interlocking intramedullary nail combined with less invasive stabilization system plate fixation in the treatment of femoral fractures.