语音流变中的元音鼻化分析——以汉语晋方言和法语为例
Analyzing Vowel Nasalization in Phonological Shifts—Taking the Jin Dialects of Chinese and French as Examples

一个元音音素受鼻辅音音素影响而出现鼻化特征时，其语音上的变化总是与其附近非鼻化辅音音节密不可分。这种变化在世界各语言中不尽相同。本文通过对汉语晋方言和法语中的鼻化现象进行共时性与历时性的比较，发现一种特殊的元音鼻化，并对这种鼻化形式的产生条件和转化规律进行分析，发现它们的元音鼻化总是由一个纯元音 鼻辅音演变为鼻化元音 鼻辅音，随后逐渐脱离鼻化范畴，这些语言鼻化中的元音总是由低元音向高元音发展，鼻化会使低元音抬高抬后，导致元音音位的转移。
When a vowel phoneme becomes nasalized due to the influence of a nasal consonant phoneme, its phonetic alteration is inherently interconnected with the surrounding non-nasalized consonant syllables. These modifications exhibit variations across different languages around the world. In this study, we explore a distinct type of vowel nasalization by comparing the cases in the Jin dialects of Chinese and French, examining both synchronous and diachronic aspects. Through this comparison, we identify a unique form of vowel nasalization and analyze the factors contributing to its emergence and the governing principles behind its transformation. This particular type of nasalization involves the progression from pure vowel sounds combined with nasal consonants to nasalized vowels paired with nasal consonants. Furthermore, this process gradually leads to a departure from the nasalization category. Notably, the vowels affected by nasalization typically transition from low vowels to high vowels, causing the low vowels to rise and shift in their position.