商标先用权“原使用范围”认定研究
Research on Original Scope of Use of the Defense Rule of Prior Use of Trademark

商标在先使用制度确定至今，商标法59条3款中“原使用范围”的认定仍是一个问题，且存在较大分歧。对“原使用范围”进行扩大或缩小的解释，会导致共存状态下商标权利的不稳定及商标在先使用主体和商标注册主体利益的不平衡。由于法律中对“原使用范围”具体规定不明确，引发了司法实践中对“原使用范围”认定要素不一，适用情形各异等问题。通过明确“原使用范围”的主体、地域范围及商品、服务类别三个具体要素，对原使用范围做出合理的规定，从而保证在先使用者和在后注册者的权利受到公平的保护。
Until the establishment of the trademark prior use system, the identification of the “original scope of use” in Article 59, paragraph 3 of the Trademark Law is still a problem, and there are great differences. Expanding or narrowing the interpretation of “original scope of use” will lead to the instability of trademark rights and the imbalance of interests between the prior user and the trademark registrant. Because the specific provisions of “original scope of use” in law are not clear, it leads to different elements of the identification of “original scope of use” and different application situations in judicial practice. By clarifying the three specific elements of the “original scope of use”, including the subject, the geographical scope and the category of goods and services, the original scope of use is reasonably stipulated, so as to ensure that the rights of the earlier users and the later registrants are fairly protected.