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组织型纤溶酶原激活物在脓毒症相关疾病中的应用及其靶向给药的研究进展
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Abstract:
脓毒症是由于感染引起的机体反应失调，进而导致的严重的器官功能障碍，据估计每年可造成全球约500万人死亡。它是由宿主对感染的反应失调引起的，主要以炎症反应、免疫功能失调和凝血功能紊乱为特征。目前，炎症反应和凝血障碍被认为是促进脓毒症和脓毒症休克患者器官功能障碍的两个驱动因素，且研究显示，由于凝血功能的异常，脓毒症患者体内微循环中常常伴随着微血栓的形成，加重器官功能障碍的进展。组织型纤溶酶原激活剂是一种溶栓剂，目前被广泛应用于脑卒中和急性心梗的溶栓治疗，但其应用受到短半衰期、全身出血风险等副作用的限制，针对其副作用，不少学者考虑以靶向给药的方式降低其副作用的限制。本文将对组织型纤溶酶原激活剂在脓毒症相关疾病中的应用及其靶向给药策略进行探讨，为脓毒症治疗及靶向用药提供新思路。
Sepsis is a serious organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, estimated to result in approximately 5 million deaths worldwide annually. It is characterized by dysregulation of the host response to infection, often accompanied by inflammatory response, immune dysfunction and coagulation dysfunction. Currently, inflammation and coagulation are considered as two driving factors promoting organ dysfunction in sepsis and septic shock patients. Studies have shown that sepsis patients often have microthrombi formation in the microcirculation due to abnormalities in coagulation function. Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is widely used in thrombolytic therapy for acute stroke and acute myocardial infarction, but its application is limited by side effects such as short half-life and systemic bleeding risk. In response to its side effects, many researchers consider targeted drug delivery as a means to reduce its adverse effects. This paper will discuss the application of tissue-type plasminogen activator in sepsis-related diseases and its targeted drug delivery strategies, providing new ideas for sepsis treatment and targeted drug delivery.
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