恶性血液病化疗患者疾病感知与生活质量关系：希望的中介作用
The Relationship between Illness Perception and Quality of Life in Hematologic Malignancies Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: The Mediating Role of Hope

目的：探讨希望在恶性血液病化疗患者疾病感知与生活质量之间的中介作用。方法：采用便利抽样法选取2022年12月~2023年5月于山东济南某三级甲等医院血液科住院的220例恶性血液病患者作为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、简化版疾病感知问卷、Herth希望量表和生活质量量表对病人进行调查。结果：恶性血液病化疗患者疾病感知得分为50.44 ± 8.22，患者希望水平得分为35.41 ± 5.04，生活质量得分为59.95 ± 14.06。疾病感知与希望、生活质量得分呈负相关(r = ？0.676, P < 0.05; r = ？0.750, P < 0.05)，希望与生活质量得分呈正相关(r = 0.671, P < 0.05)。希望在疾病感知与生活质量间存在中介作用，中介效应占总效应的49.7%。结论：疾病感知可直接影响恶性血液病化疗患者生活质量水平，也可通过希望水平的中介作用间接影响。医护人员应加强健康教育改善恶性血液病患者的疾病感知，加强积极心态的培养，提高患者希望水平，提高病人生活质量。
Objective: To explore the mediating effect of hope between illness perception and quality of life in patients with malignant hematological diseases undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: From December 2022 to May 2022, convenience sampling was used to select 220 patients with malignant hematological diseases who were hospitalized in the Hematology Department of a Class III Grade a hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province as the research object. All of the patients were investigated with the general information questionnaire, Simplified Illness Perception Questionnaire, Herth Hope Index and Quality of Life Questionnaire. Results: The scores of illness perception, hope level and quality of life were 50.44 ± 8.22, 35.41 ± 5.04 and 59.95 ± 14.06, respectively. Illness perception was negatively correlated with hope and quality of life (r = ？0.676, P < 0.05; R = 0.750, P < 0.05), hope was positively correlated with quality of life (r = 0.671, P < 0.05). Hope had a mediating effect between illness perception and quality of life, and the mediating effect accounted for 49.7% of the total effect. Conclusions: Illness perception can directly affect the quality of life of patients with malignant hematological diseases undergoing chemotherapy, and it can also indirectly affect it through the mediating effect of hope level. Medical staff should strengthen health education to improve the disease perception of patients with malignant blood diseases, strengthen the cultivation of positive attitude to improve the hope level of patients and improve the quality of life of patients.