以荒为生：城市拾荒老人的生存现状与改善研究
Making a Living from Waste: Research on the Survival Status and Improvement of the Elder Scraps Collectors in the City

随着城市化的推进和人口老龄化的加深，城市中出现了一群特殊的存在——城市拾荒老人，他们走街串巷，在城市的角落捡拾着废旧物品。然而，他们的拾荒行为背后所反映出的现实状况值得我们深思和关注。本文以广西L市P社区为田野点，从拾荒方式与工具、拾荒物品的种类、废旧物品的存放、废旧物品的出售和所得收入的使用五个方面深入了解城市拾荒老人的拾荒与生存现状，展现他们个人和公共区域卫生意识匮乏、防火防灾意识薄弱等问题。从生理因素、身体因素、文化因素和社会支持因素四个方面分析他们拾荒的行为动机，进而提出改善他们生活状况的建议：政策扶持，筑起生活保障；倡导社会关爱，营造和谐包容的社会氛围；发挥社会工作力量，链接资源与开展活动。
With the advancement of urbanization and the deepening of population aging, there is a special group of people in the city—the elder scraps collectors. They walk through the streets and pick up waste items in the corners of the city. However, the reality behind their pick-up behavior is worthy of our consideration and attention. This paper takes the P community of L city in Guangxi as the field point, from the way and tool of picking up waste, the type of picking up waste, the storage of waste, the sale of waste and the use of income to understand the current situation of picking up waste and survival of the elder scraps collectors in the city from five aspects, showing their lack of personal and public regional health awareness, weak awareness of fire prevention and disaster prevention. From the four aspects of physiological factors, physical factors, cultural factors and social support factors, this paper analyzes their motivation to pick up waste, and then puts forward suggestions to improve their living conditions: policy support, build life security; advocate social care and create a harmonious and inclusive social atmosphere; play the power of social work, link resources and carry out activities.