科学技术与人口规模巨大的中国式现代化关系探究
Exploring the Relationship between Science and Technology and Chinese Modernization with a Huge Population

“科学技术是第一生产力”，在经济发展与社会进步中发挥着重要作用，也在中国式现代化中发挥着关键作用。党的二十大报告明确指出要以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴，并概括了中国式现代化的五个特征。文章将聚焦“科学技术”与中国式现代化五大特征之首“人口规模巨大的中国式现代化”，探讨二者的双向互动关系。因此，文章将在把握基本理论、认识基本概念的基础上，从“相互促进”和“相互制约”两个角度辩证探讨科学技术如何赋能人口规模巨大的中国式现代化、巨大的人口规模如何为科技进步提供人力资源优势和增长动力以及科技进步带来的伦理挑战和人口规模巨大带来的发展压力。
Science and technology are the first productive forces, which play an important role in economic development and social progress, as well as a key role in Chinese-style modernization. The report of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) clearly pointed out the need to promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in a comprehensive manner by means of Chinese-style modernization, and outlined the five characteristics of Chinese-style modernization. This paper will focus on the two-way interaction between “science and technology” and “Chinese modernization with a huge population”, which is the first of the five characteristics of Chinese modernization, and explore the relationship between the two. Therefore, on the basis of grasping the basic theory and recognizing the basic concepts, this paper will dialectically discuss the two perspectives of “mutual promotion” and “mutual constraints”. The following questions will be discussed and answered, including how science and technology can empower China’s modernization in the face of a huge population, how a huge population can provide human resource advantages and growth momentum for scientific and technological progress, as well as the ethical challenges brought about by scientific and technological progress and the developmental pressures brought about by a huge population, and so on.