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老年肌少症的危险因素分析
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Abstract:
目的：探讨老年肌少症发生的危险因素，为老年肌少症的早期识别和早期干预提供参考。方法：选取2022年1月~2024年1月期间于青岛大学附属医院就诊的老年患者，共299例。将符合纳排标准的老年患者根据诊断标准分为肌少症组(n = 46)和非肌少症组(n = 253)。分别收集两组患者的临床资料，进行单因素分析，将有统计学意义的指标纳入二元Logistics回归分析。结果：单因素分析结果表明，肌少症组患者的年龄、C反应蛋白、糖尿病相关指标(糖尿病病史、糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖)和肝功能相关指标(谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶)显著高于非肌少症组，营养相关指标(白蛋白水平及体质指数)显著低于非肌少症组，肌少症组患者住院时间更长，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。二元Logistics回归分析结果表明，高龄、患有糖尿病、糖化血红蛋白高、体质指数低、白蛋白低是老年肌少症的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。结论：我们的研究结果表明，对于高龄、患有糖尿病、糖化血红蛋白高、体质指数低、白蛋白低的老年人，应当警惕其老年肌少症的发生。
Purpose: To explore the risk factors for the occurrence of sarcopenia in the elderly, and provide reference for the early identification and intervention of sarcopenia in the elderly. Methods: A total of 299 elderly patients who visited Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected. According to the diagnostic criteria, the elderly patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into the sarcopenia group (n = 46) and the non-sarcopenia group (n = 253). Clinical data of the two groups of patients were collected to univariate analysis. The indicators with statistical significance were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The results of univariate analysis showed that the age, C-reactive protein, diabetes-related indicators (history of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose), and liver function-related indicators (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase) in the sarcopenia group were significantly higher than those in the non-sarcopenia group, while nutrition-related indicators (albumin and body mass index) were significantly lower than those in the non-sarcopenia group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, diabetes, high glycated hemoglobin, low BMI, and low albumin were independent risk factors for sarcopenia in the elderly (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study results indicate that advanced age, diabetes, high glycated hemoglobin, low BMI, and low albumin are independent risk factors for sarcopenia in the elderly.
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