Introduction: Congenital heart disease includes all cardiac and vascular malformations. It accounts for approximately one third of all congenital malformations and is a public health problem, particularly in developing countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects of congenital heart disease. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study based on the records of 135 patients referred for surgery and followed up in the cardiology department of the Ignace Deen University Hospital, collected in November 2022. Results: Hospital prevalence was 5%. The mean age was 71 months, ranging from 1 month to 19 years. The age group over 24 months was the most represented (62%). The M/F sex ratio was 1.36. Urban origin was predominant (58%). The rate of children not attending school or dropping out was high (16%). Siblings with fewer than 4 children were the most common (88%). A heart murmur was the most frequent sign (78%), followed by cyanosis (36%) and heart failure (29%). The association between heart murmurs and CHD was proven with a p-value < 0.05. The mean maternal age was 28 years, with extremes of 17 and 47 years. The most common maternal age group was 20 to 30 years (44%). The socio-economic level of the parents was average or precarious in 90% of cases. Congenital heart disease accounted for 86% of childhood heart disease, after acquired rheumatic heart disease (7%). CHD with shunt represented 95% and without shunt 5%. Cyanogenic CHD is 58% and non-cyanogenic is 42%. The main cyanogenic CHDs were T4F (40%), DORV (17%) and SVD (10%). The most frequent non-cyanogenic CHD were VSD (42%), PDA (22%) and IAC (10%). Surgical treatment was performed in 42.24% of cases (all abroad) with a favourable outcome in all cases. The main surgical sites were in France (72%) and Switzerland (16%) through humanitarian NGOs. Conclusion: CHDs represent the main indication for paediatric cardiac surgery and follow-up (95%). We stress the importance of implementing a screening and management strategy for congenital heart disease.
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