受害者身份构建的会话分析研究——基于家庭冲突性话语的多模态
Conversational Analysis of Victim Identity Construction—Multimodal Discourse Based on Family Conflict

从古至今，家庭冲突普遍存在于各个家庭中。本文主要探讨在家庭冲突中矛盾双方是如何构建受害者身份及此身份对冲突的功能作用。本文基于5个小时冲突话语的视频，其中矛盾双方建构自身受害者身份达178次，运用多模态会话分析法描写受害者身份构建在冲突性话语中的语用功能，不仅关注直接言语行为对冲突加剧或缓和的作用，还关注诸如手势、眼神、语气等非言语行为所带来的影响。研究发现，矛盾双方在冲突性话语中会通过建构自身受害者身份来指责对方的同时，贬低对方的行为和品质。本研究发现对冲突性话语的研究具有一定启示，对构建和谐家庭关系具有一定的借鉴作用。
Since ancient times, family conflicts have existed in every family. This research mainly discusses how to construct victim identity in family conflict and the function of this identity to conflict. This paper is based on 5 hours of video clips of conflict discourse, in which the conflicting parties construct their own victim identities for 178 times. Multimodal conversational analysis is used to describe the pragmatic function of victim identity construction in conflict discourse, focusing not only on the role of direct speech acts in exacerbating or alleviating conflicts, but also on the influence of non-verbal behaviors such as gestures, eyes and tone. It is found that in the conflict discourse, both parties will construct their own victim identity to blame the other party, while belittling the other party’s behavior and quality. The findings of this study have some implications for the study of conflict discourse and can be used for reference in the construction of harmonious family relations.