亚里士多德论“不动的动者”的复多性——以《形而上学》Λ8为中心
Aristotle on the Multiplicity of “Unmoved Movers”—An Examination Focused on Metaphysics Λ8

亚里士多德对“不动的动者”数目的讨论集中在《形而上学》Λ8中。他通过修正同时代天文学家的同心球理论，借助天球的数目，最终确证了55个次级“不动的动者”。本文从三个方面对他的论证展开讨论：首先表明亚里士多德证明“不动的动者”数目的方式；其次阐明他是如何论证它们恰好是这些数目；最后，本文讨论了“不动的动者”与月下世界、第一运动者之间的联系，揭示出由于引入“不动的动者”的复多性造成了诸本原之间缺乏内在统一性的困境。
The discussion of the number of unmoved movers is centered in Aristotle’s Metaphysics Λ8. He ultimately confirms that there are 55 secondary unmoved movers by correcting the concentric sphere theory of contemporary astronomers. This paper discusses three aspects of his argumentation. Firstly, I will show the way Aristotle demonstrate the number of unmoved movers; secondly, I will clarify how that is the exact number; finally, I will discuss the relation between unmoved movers and sublunary world and the primary mover, and reveal the puzzle of the lack of unity between principles due to the introduction of the multiplicity of unmoved movers.