妊娠末期孕妇B族链球菌感染状况分析
Analysis of Group B Streptococcal Infection Status in Pregnant Women at the End of Pregnancy

目的：通过对妊娠末期孕妇B族链球菌的筛查，统计相关数据，为临床了解围产期孕妇GBS感染情况及制定相应的医疗干预措施提供相关依据。方法：收集本院2023年2月至2024年1月在产科就诊初产孕35~37周1448例孕妇为研究对象，选取孕中期20~24周141例作为对照组，采用微米生物的B族链球菌快速鉴定试剂(层析法)进行检测，并与不同地区妊娠末期孕35~37周孕妇GBS感染比较。结果：本院1448例妊娠末期35~37周孕妇共检出GBS阳性者45例，感染率为3.11%；141例妊娠中期孕20~24周检出GBS阳性者2例，感染率为1.42%。妊娠末期孕妇感染率高于妊娠中期孕妇，不同孕期之间GBS感染率差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。与其它地区比较，我院围产期孕妇GBS感染率偏低，有不同地域的差异性。结论：妊娠末期孕妇GBS感染与孕妇及新生儿不良结局密切相关，对围产期孕妇行GBS筛查非常有必要，降低妊娠不良结局和新生儿不良结局的发生，提升围产期保健质量。
Objective: Through the screening of group B streptococcus in pregnant women at the end of pregnancy and statistical data, to provide relevant basis for clinical understanding of GBS infection in perinatal pregnant woman and formulate corresponding medical intervention measures. Methods: From February 2023 to January 2024, 1448 pregnant women attending the obstetric department of our hospital during 35~37 weeks of initial pregnancy were collected as the study object, and 141 cases were selected as the control group during 20~24 weeks of mid-pregnancy. Micron biologics were used the rapid identification reagent for Group B streptococcus (chromatographic method) was used to detect GBS infection in pregnant women at 35~37 weeks of the third trimester in different areas. Results: 45 cases of 1448 pregnant women at 35~37 weeks of the end of pregnancy were detected GBS positive, the infection rate was 3.11%; In 141 cases, 2 cases were GBS positive at 20~24 weeks of second trimester, the infection rate was 1.42%. The infection rate of pregnant women in the third trimester was higher than that in the second trimester, and there was no significant difference in the infection rate of GBS among different pregnancies (P > 0.05). Compared with other areas, the infection rate of GBS in perinatal pregnant women in our hospital was lower, with differences in different regions. Conclusion: GBS infection in pregnant women at the end of pregnancy is closely related to adverse outcomes in pregnant women and neontes. It is very necessary to screen for GBS in perinatal pregnant women to reduce the occurrence of adverse outcomes in pregnancy and neonates and improve the quality of perinatal health care.