|
|
黑暗人格及其影响的潜类别分析
|
Abstract:
本研究从个体指向(Person-Centered)的角度，采用潜类别分析方法探讨黑暗人格的潜在类别，并进一步探讨不同黑暗人格类别的影响。通过对905名被试进行问卷施测，结果发现，黑暗人格存在3个潜在类别：低黑暗人格组、自恋不自私组及自恋且自私组。进一步分析发现，不同类型黑暗人格的个体在生命意义感、生活满意度、死亡焦虑、计划生育态度等一系列态度上存在显著差异。本研究结果探索了黑暗人格群体的异质状况，丰富了以往黑暗人格特质的理论研究。
From the perspective of person-centered, this study uses the method of latent profile analysis to classify the individuals of dark personality, and further discusses the influence of different dark personality categories. Through the questionnaire of 905 subjects, the results show that there are three potential categories of dark personality: low dark personality group, narcissistic but unselfish group, as well as narcissistic and selfish group. Further analysis shows that individuals with different types of dark personality have significant differences in a series of attitudes such as meaning in life, life satisfaction, death anxiety, money attitude, and degree of support for family planning policy. The results of this study explored the heterogeneity of dark personality groups and enriched the previous theoretical research on dark personality traits.
| [1] | 耿耀国, 孙群博, 黄婧宜, 朱远征, 韩晓红(2015). 黑暗十二条与短式黑暗三联征量表: 两种黑暗三联征测量工具中文版的检验. 中国临床心理学杂志, 23(2), 246-250. |
| [2] | 秦峰, 许芳(2013). 黑暗人格三合一研究述评. 心理科学进展, 21(7), 1248-1261. |
| [3] | 王孟成, 戴晓阳(2008). 中文人生意义问卷(C-MLQ)在大学生中的适用性. 中国临床心理学杂志, 16(5), 459-461. |
| [4] | 吴国婷, 张敏强, 倪雨菡, 杨亚威, 漆成明, 吴健星(2018). 老年人孤独感及其影响因素的潜在转变分析. 心理学报, 50(9), 1061-1070. |
| [5] | 张警吁(2010). 威胁状态下政治信任的变化及其对政治态度和行为的影响. 博士学位论文, 北京: 中国科学院研究生院. |
| [6] | Abeyta, A. A., Routledge, C., & Sedikides, C. (2017). Material Meaning: Narcissists Gain Existential Benefits from Extrinsic Goals. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8, 219-228. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550616667618 |
| [7] | Aghababaei, N., & B？achnio, A. (2015). Well-Being and the Dark Triad. Personality and Individual Differences, 86, 365-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.06.043 |
| [8] | Baughman, H. M., Dearing, S., Giammarco, E., & Vernon, P. A. (2012). Relationships between Bullying Behaviors and the Dark Triad: A Study with Adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 52, 571-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.11.020 |
| [9] | Crysel, L. C., Crosier, B. S., & Webster, G. D. (2013). The Dark Triad and Risk Behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2012.07.029 |
| [10] | Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The Satisfaction with Life Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 71-75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13 |
| [11] | Gasiorowska, A., Zaleskiewicz, T., & Kesebir, P. (2018). Money as an Existential Anxiety Buffer: Exposure to Money Prevents Mortality Reminders from Leading to Increased Death Thoughts. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 79, 394-409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2018.09.004 |
| [12] | Jane, W. U., & Lebreton, J. M. (2011). Reconsidering the Dispositional Basis of Counterproductive Work Behavior: The Role of Aberrant Personality. Personnel Psychology, 64, 593-626. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2011.01220.x |
| [13] | Jonason, P. K., & Davis, M. D. (2018). A Gender Role View of the Dark Triad Traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 125, 102-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.01.004 |
| [14] | Jonason, P. K., & Fletcher, S. A. (2018). Agentic and Communal Behavioral Biases in the Dark Triad Traits. Personality and Individual Differences, 130, 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.03.044 |
| [15] | Jonason, P. K., & Tome, J. (2019). How Happiness Expectations Related to the Dark Triad Traits. The Journal of Social Psychology, 159, 371-382. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2018.1529652 |
| [16] | Jonason, P. K., & Webster, G. D. (2010). The Dirty Dozen: A Concise Measure of the Dark Triad. Psychological Assessment, 22, 420-432. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019265 |
| [17] | Jonason, P. K., Strosser, G. L., Kroll, C. H., Duineveld, J. J., & Baruffi, S. A. (2016). Valuing Myself over Others: The Dark Triad Traits and Moral and Social Values. Personality and Individual Differences, 81, 102-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.10.045 |
| [18] | Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2017). Duplicity among the Dark Triad: Three Faces of Deceit. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113, 329-342. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000139 |
| [19] | Kowalski, C. M., Rogoza, R., Vernon, P. A., & Schermer, J. A. (2018). The Dark Triad and the Self-Presentation Variables of Socially Desirable Responding and Self-Monitoring. Personality and Individual Differences, 120, 234-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.007 |
| [20] | Kwan, V. S. Y., Kuang, L. L., & Hui, N. H. H. (2009). Identifying the Sources of Self-Esteem: The Mixed Medley of Benevolence, Merit, and Bias. Self and Identity, 8, 176-195. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860802504874 |
| [21] | Lasaleta, J. D., Sedikides, C., & Vohs, K. (2014). Nostalgia Weakens the Desire for Money. Journal of Consumer Research, 41, 713-729. https://doi.org/10.1086/677227 |
| [22] | Lundh, L. G., & Falkenstrm, F. (2019). Towards a Person-Oriented Approach to Psychotherapy Research. Journal for Person-Oriented Research, 5, 65-79. https://doi.org/10.17505/jpor.2019.07 |
| [23] | Madnawat, A. V. S., & Kachhawa, P. S. (2007). Age, Gender, and Living Circumstance: Discriminating Older Adults on Death Anxiety. Death Studies, 31, 763-769. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481180701490743 |
| [24] | Malesza, M. (2020). The Effects of the Dark Triad Traits in Prisoner’s Dilemma Game. Current Psychology, 39, 1055-1062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-9823-9 |
| [25] | Meyer, J. P., & Morin, A. J. S. (2016). A Person-Centered Approach to Commitment Research: Theory, Research, and Methodology. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 37, 584-612. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2085 |
| [26] | Miao, C., Humphrey, R. H., Qian, S., & Pollack, J. M. (2018). The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and the Dark Triad Personality Traits: A Meta-Analytic Review. Personality and Individual Differences, 135, 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.06.051 |
| [27] | Morf, C. C., Horvath, S., & Torchetti, L. (2011). Narcissistic Self-Enhancement: Tales of (Successful?) Self-Portrayal. In M. D. Alicke, & C. Sedikides (Eds.), Handbook of Self-Enhancement and Self-Protection (pp. 399-424). The Guilford Press. |
| [28] | Nowak, B. et al. (2020). Adaptive and Maladaptive Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Roles of Dark Triad Traits, Collective Narcissism, and Health Beliefs. Personality and Individual Difference, 167, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110232 |
| [29] | Rogoza, R., & Cieciuch, J. (2019). Structural Investigation of the Short Dark Triad Questionnaire in Polish Population. Current Psychology, 38, 756-763. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-017-9653-1 |
| [30] | Sedikides, C., Hart, C. M., Cisek, S. Z., & Routledge, C. (2013). Finding Meaning in the Mirror: The Existential Pursuits of Narcissists. In J. Hicks, & C. Routledge (Eds.), The Experience of Meaning in Life (pp. 189-200). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6527-6_15 |
| [31] | Seks？cin？ska, K., & Rudzinska-Wojciechowska, J. (2020). Individual Differences in Dark Triad Traits and Risky Financial Choices. Personality and Individual Differences, 152, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109598 |
| [32] | Spain, S. M., Harms, P., & Lebreton, J. M. (2014). The Dark Side of Personality at Work. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35, 41-60. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1894 |
| [33] | Stiff, C. (2019). The Dark Triad and Facebook Surveillance: How Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, but Not Narcissism Predict Using Facebook to Spy on Others. Computers in Human Behavior, 94, 62-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.12.044 |
| [34] | Swati, H. K. (2013). Dark Triad of Personality: A Theoretical Review of the Concept. Indian Journal of Health and Well-Being, 4, 95-98. |
| [35] | Tran, U. S., Bertl, B., Kossmeier, M., Pietschnig, J., Stieger, S., & Voracek, M. (2018). I’ll Teach You Differences: Taxometric Analysis of the Dark Triad, Trait Sadism, and the Dark Core of Personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 126, 19-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.01.015 |
| [36] | Wang, J., Li, T., Wang, K., & Wang, C. (2019). Patience as a Mediator between the Dark Triad and Meaning in Life. Applied Research in Quality of life, 14, 527-543. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-018-9627-y |
| [37] | Zhao, N., Lai, H., & Zhao, R. (2020). The Relationship between Motives for Making Money and Life Satisfaction: Evidence from 31 Cities in China. PsyCh Journal, 10, 76-86. https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.381 |
| [38] | Zhou, X., Liu, J., Chen, C., & Yu, Z. (2008). Do Children Transcend Death? An Examination of the Terror Management Function of Offspring. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 49, 413-418. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00665.x |
