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中西医结合治疗胆碱能性荨麻疹研究进展
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Abstract:
胆碱能性荨麻疹(CholU)表现为局部或全身的点状风团伴瘙痒，通常由运动、热水淋浴或精神压力等因素诱发。本综述文章全面探讨了胆碱能性荨麻疹的流行病学特点、发病机制以及当前的治疗方法。CholU的发生与组胺、乙酰胆碱的作用密切相关，涉及汗液过敏和汗孔阻塞等多个方面。抗组胺药物是一线治疗选择，但对一些患者效果有限。抗胆碱药、生物制剂和类固醇激素等治疗方法对特定亚型的CholU患者显示出潜在效益。此外，中医治疗提供了一种安全、多样的治疗方案，但需要进一步的研究来系统化和客观化中医辨证治疗。本综述强调了未来研究的方向应关注疾病的亚型差异，探索分型研究及治疗探索，同时改善患者的生活质量，提供长期有效的疾病控制策略。
Cholinergic urticaria (CholU) manifests as localized or generalized pinpoint hives accompanied by itching, typically triggered by exercise, hot showers, or emotional stress. This review comprehensively explores the epidemiological characteristics, pathogenesis, and current treatment approaches for CholU. The occurrence of CholU is closely related to the actions of histamine and acetylcholine, involving mechanisms such as sweat allergy and sweat duct obstruction. Antihistamines are the first-line treatment option, yet their effectiveness is limited in some patients. Therapies such as anticholinergic drugs, biologics, and corticosteroids show potential benefits for specific subtypes of CholU patients. Moreover, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) offers a safe and diverse treatment approach, requiring further research for systematization and objective evaluation of TCM diagnostic and treatment strategies. This review emphasizes that future research should focus on the differences between disease subtypes, explore subtype-specific research and treatment approaches, and aim to improve patients’ quality of life by providing long-term effective disease management strategies.
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