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心肌梗塞后再生和修复新途径：心外膜
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Abstract:
心血管疾病在全球发病率居高不下，给人类健康带来严重威胁。心肌梗死(myocardial infarction, MI)后心肌组织无法再生和修复，最终导致心功能障碍。心外膜及心外膜祖细胞不仅对胚胎心脏发育形成起重要调控作用，而且在心肌损伤及修复中扮演重要角色。有研究表明在成人心脏中，损伤会激活心外膜，并观察到胚胎样反应。因此心外膜被认为是一类心肌再生与修复的新来源和新途径，本文结合心外膜起源、心外膜细胞调控信号、心外膜在心肌再生中作用等最新研究情况，评述国内外相关研究进展，讨论心外膜的作用和调控机制，展望未来研究方向。
The incidence of cardiovascular diseases remains high in the world, which poses a serious threat to human health. Failure of myocardial tissue to regenerate and repair after myocardial infarction (MI) ultimately leads to heart dysfunction and heart failure. Epicardium and epicardium progenitor cells not only play an important role in the development and formation of embryonic heart, but also play an important role in myocardial injury and repair. Studies have shown that in adult hearts, damage activates the epicardium and embryonic-like responses are observed. Therefore, the epicardium is considered as a new source and approach for myocardial regeneration and repair. In this review, combined with the latest research on the origin of the epicardium, the regulatory signals of epicardium and epicardium progenitor cells, and the role of the epicardium in myocardial regeneration, we summarized relevant research progress at home and abroad, discussed the role and regulatory mechanism of the epicardium, and looked forward to future research directions.
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