经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者术前访视需求与焦虑相关性研究
A Study on the Correlation between Preoperative Visit Needs and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

目的：本研究旨在探究经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者术前访视需求现状并分析其影响因素。方法：采用一般资料调查表、自制手术相关知识掌握情况调查表及STAI状态–特质焦虑问卷对陕西省西安市三级甲等医院193例择期经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的患者进行调查。结果：经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者术前访视需求总分为(59.26 ± 14.50)分，相关费用维度得分最高，其次为术中过程、环境信息、术后健康指导和术前准备。特质焦虑总体得分为(49.41 ± 7.14)分，处于较高水平；相关性结果显示经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者术前访视与特质焦虑呈显著性相关；多元线性回归分析结果显示性别、年龄、学历、职业、居住地、婚育状况、家庭人均月收入、医疗费用支付方式、特质焦虑是经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者术前访视需求的影响因素。结论：经皮冠状动脉介入治疗患者总体上对术前访视有较高需求且存在焦虑情绪，其中相关费用、术中过程需求尤为强烈。建议护士根据患者具体情况及需求给予个性化、多元化的术后指导及心理疏导，降低患者焦虑负性情绪，提升患者就医感受。
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the current situation of preoperative visit needs of patients with percutaneous coronary intervention and analyze its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 193 patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention in tertiary hospitals in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province were investigated using the general information questionnaire, the self-made surgery related knowledge mastery questionnaire and the STAI status-trait anxiety questionnaire. Results: The total score of preoperative visit needs of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention was (59.26 ± 14.50), with the highest score in the related cost dimension, followed by intraoperative process, environmental information, postoperative health guidance and preoperative preparation. The overall score of trait anxiety was (49.41 ± 7.14), which was at a high level. The correlation results showed that the preoperative visit was significantly correlated with trait anxiety in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, age, education, occupation, place of residence, marital and childbearing status, per capita monthly family income, payment method of medical expenses, and trait anxiety were the influencing factors of preoperative visit needs of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Conclusion: Patients with percutaneous coronary intervention have a high demand for preoperative visits and anxiety, especially the related costs and intraoperative procedures. It is suggested that nurses should give personalized and diversified postoperative guidance and psychological counseling according to the specific situation and needs of patients, so as to reduce patients’ anxiety and negative emotions and improve patients’ feelings of medical treatment.