基于聚类分析的我国城镇居民消费支出结构的研究
The Study of Consumption Expenditure Structure of Chinese Urban Residents Based on Cluster Analysis

居民消费结构不仅反映地区居民消费偏好程度以及对居民收入、消费品价格等因素的敏感程度，而且能反映地区居民的生活质量与区域经济发展水平。由于31省市所处的地理位置不同，其消费存在较大的差异性，消费结构层次也明显具有差异。本文以2022年31省、市、自治区城镇居民的人均消费支出的八个项目支出数据为依据，首先运用层次聚类法对各地区人均消费结构进行聚类。然后运用K-Means聚类法，对各地区人均消费结构进行K-Means聚类，不仅从总体上掌握了消费结构类型的地区分布，而且系统阐述了各地区消费结构的特点，最后在此基础上提出了促进城镇居民消费结构合理化的政策建议，为我国各地区因地制宜地制定消费政策提供了科学合理的决策借鉴。
The consumption structure of residents not only reflects the degree of consumption preference of regional residents and the sensitivity to factors such as resident income and consumer prices, but also reflects the quality of life of regional residents and the level of regional economic development. Because the 31 provinces and municipalities are in different geographical locations, their consumption is different, and the level of consumption structure is also obviously different. Based on the eight project expenditure data of urban residents in 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in 2022, this paper firstly uses hierarchical clustering method to cluster the per capita consumption structure of each region. Then, it uses K-Means clustering method to cluster the per capita consumption structure of each region. It not only grasps the regional distribution of consumption structure types on the whole, but also systematically expounds the characteristics of consumption structure in each region. Finally, on this basis, it puts forward policy suggestions to promote the rationalization of urban residents’ consumption structure, which provides a scientific and reasonable reference for each region to formulate consumption policies in accordance with local conditions.