碳排放数据造假行为的法律治理机制
Legal Governance Mechanism for Carbon Emission Data Fraud

真实、准确、完整的碳排放数据是维护全国碳市场秩序的重中之重。目前，碳排放数据造假案件频发，其根本原因在于我国碳市场法律治理机制运行不畅。具体而言，存在碳数据信息公开机制缺失、问题发现机制尚未完善、碳排放数据造假责任分配模糊、第三方准入机制不健全、处罚力度较轻等问题，本文对碳排放数据造假典型案例进行归纳分析，提出完善碳排放数据信息公开机制、健全问题发现机制、明确碳排放数据造假主体责任分配机制、规范第三方机构准入与独立性机制以及制定宽严相济的处罚机制五个方面的建议，以期促进碳排放权交易市场健康有序运行。
True, accurate and complete carbon emission data is the top priority to maintaining the order of the national carbon market. At present, carbon emission data fraud cases occur frequently, and the fundamental reason lies in the poor operation of China’s carbon market legal governance mechanism. Specifically, there are problems such as lack of carbon data information disclosure mechanism, lack of perfect problem discovery mechanism, fuzzy responsibility distribution of carbon emission data fraud, imperfect third-party access mechanism, and light punishment. This article summarizes and analyzes typical cases of carbon emission data falsification. Five suggestions are proposed to improve the mechanism for disclosing carbon emission data information, establish a sound problem discovery mechanism, clarify the allocation mechanism for the responsible parties for carbon emission data fraud, standardize third-party access and independence mechanisms, and develop a lenient and strict punishment mechanism, in order to promote healthy and orderly operation of carbon emissions trading market.