赖斯翻译批评理论视角下《背影》两个英译本对比研究
A Comparative Study of Two English Versions of Beiying from the Perspective of Reiss’s Translation Criticism Theory

朱自清的《背影》是一篇脍炙人口的现代经典散文，已由多位译者进行翻译实践。进行译文的对比分析对于翻译策略的探索以及文化的交流传播起着不可磨灭的作用。本文在赖斯翻译批评理论下，以文本类型为导向，从语言内因素和语言外因素两个层面对张培基和杨宪益、戴乃迭的两个《背影》英译本进行了翻译对比研究。本文分析发现，两篇译文各有特色，张培基先生的译文细致准确、生动形象，杨宪益、戴乃迭合译文形式一致、自由洒脱，这要求译者在进行文学作品翻译时在充分理解原文的基础上，针对不同文本采用相应的翻译策略。
Zhu Ziqing’s BeiYing is a popular modern classic prose, which has been translated by several translators. Comparative analysis of translations plays an indelible role in the exploration of translation strategies and cultural communication. Under Reiss’s theory of translation criticism, this paper conducts a comparative study on the two English versions of BeiYing translated by Zhang Peiji, and Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang from the levels of intra-linguistic and extra-linguistic factors with the orientation of text types. This paper reveals that the two translations have their own characteristics, Zhang’s translation is meticulous, accurate and vivid, while Yang’s translation is consistent and free, which requires translators to adopt corresponding translation strategies for different texts on the basis of full understanding of the original text when translating literary works.