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艾司氯胺酮对老年患者术后认知功能障碍影响的研究进展
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Abstract:
随着医学不断的进步发展，老年患者手术数量及手术时程相应增加，患者及家属对术后生活质量的需求也不断提高，术后认知功能障碍(Post operative cognitive dysfunction, POCD)是术后最常见的并发症之一。艾司氯胺酮作为一种新型的N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(N-methyl-D-aspartic acid, NMDA)受体拮抗剂，有较好的镇痛和镇静效果，不仅能稳定维持术中患者的循环和呼吸，且有利于促进患者术后早期康复。近年来研究表明术中应用艾司氯胺酮能在一定程度上减轻老年患者神经损伤，改善术后认知功能。本文就艾司氯胺酮对老年患者POCD影响机制的研究进展进行阐述，以期为临床提供参考。
With the continuous progress and development of medicine, the number and duration of surgeries for elderly patients have correspondingly increased, and the demand for postoperative quality of life for patients and their families has also continued to rise. Post operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is one of the most common postoperative complications. Esketamine, as a new type of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has strong analgesic and sedative effects, not only does it not have adverse reactions to the circulation and respiration of patients during surgery, but also is conducive to promoting early postoperative recovery. Recent studies have shown that intraoperative use of Esketamine can alleviate nerve damage in elderly patients to a certain extent and improve postoperative cognitive function. This article reviews the research progress on the mechanism of the effect of Esketamine on POCD in elderly patients, with a view to providing clinical reference.
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