自拟抗衰延年方对D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠学习记忆及炎症因子的影响
The Effect of Self-Designed Anti-Aging and Prolonging Life Formula on Learning, Memory, and Inflammatory Factors in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Rats

目的：研究抗衰延年方对D-半乳糖致衰老大鼠学习记忆及炎症因子的影响。方法：雄性SD大鼠采用D-半乳糖皮下注射制备亚急性衰老大鼠模型，随机数字法分为模型组、吡拉西坦组、抗衰延年方组，每组保证6只，另设6只作为对照组。治疗30天，Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠的记忆功能和学习，苏木精–伊红(HE)染色观察海马CA1区神经细胞病理变化，酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测各组大鼠血清中IL-2、IL-6。结果：与正常对照组比较，模型组大鼠逃避潜伏期延长、跨越平台次数减少，具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；与模型组比较，吡拉西坦组和验方组大鼠逃避潜伏期缩短、跨越平台次数增加，统计学意义显著(P < 0.01)。与正常对照组比较，模型组血清IL-2、IL-6表达增加(P < 0.05)；与模型组比较，验方组血清IL-2、IL-6表达明显降低(P < 0.05)。光镜下，正常对照组海马CA1区锥体细胞排列整齐，神经元结构完整；模型组海马CA1区局部可见锥体细胞坏死，神经元胞核消失、胞体皱缩，体积变小。吡拉西坦组和中药验方组CA1区锥体细胞排列整齐，数量略减少，胞核大，核仁明显，胞质胞核分界清晰，未见明显神经元变性和坏死。结论：抗衰延年方可通过降低血清中IL-2、IL-6含量，提高衰老大鼠的学习记忆能力。
Objective: To study the effects of anti aging and yannian formula on learning, memory, and inflammatory factors in D-galactose-induced aging rats. Method: Male SD rats were subcutaneously injected with D-galactose to prepare a subacute aging rat model. They were randomly divided into a model group, a piracetam group, and an anti-aging and prolonging formula group, with 6 rats in each group, and an additional 6 rats as the control group. After 30 days of treatment, Morris water maze was used to detect the memory function and learning of each group of rats. Hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of neural cells in the hippocampal CA1 area. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IL-2 and IL-6 in the serum of each group of rats. Result: Compared with the normal control group, the model group rats had a longer escape latency and a reduced number of crossing platforms, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05); compared with the model group, the escape latency of rats in the piracetam group and the experimental group was shortened, and the number of crossing platforms increased, with statistical significance (P < 0.01). Compared with the normal control group, the model group showed an increase in serum IL-2 and IL-6 expression (P < 0.05); compared with the model group, the expression of serum IL-2 and IL-6 in the experimental group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Under the light microscope, the pyramidal cells in the CA1 area of the hippocampus of the normal control group were arranged neatly and the neuronal structure was intact; in the CA1 area of the hippocampus in the model group, necrosis of pyramidal cells, disappearance of neuronal nuclei, shrinkage of cell bodies, and reduction in volume were observed locally. The pyramidal cells in the CA1 area of the piracetam group and the traditional Chinese medicine formula group were arranged neatly, with a slightly reduced number, a large nucleus, obvious nucleolus,