演变、冲突与抉择：译员角色研究述评
Evolution, Conflicts and Choices: A Review of Interpreters’ Role Studies

人工智能在翻译领域的应用为口译发展带来了机遇，但同时也给译员带来了冲击。民众甚至译员本身很容易陷入“译员可以被机器取代”的误区。与此同时，技术带来的口译道德问题未得到重视。因此，有必要梳理译员在交际中的角色演变，进而厘清译员的实际作用，由此探究译员如何在新技术冲击下突围，立足于口译市场。本文梳理了译员角色的相关研究，重点评述了近二十年社区口译员和会议口译员角色研究，发现译员角色研究由最初的多元表现角色描写，逐步拓展到影响因素分析，随后深入到译员面临的角色冲突与道德困境研究，继而延伸到译员对角色的抉择即参与适切度等相关问题的探讨。最后，本文总结了目前研究存在的问题，并对未来译员角色研究提出展望。
The application of artificial intelligence in the translation industry has opened up new opportuni-ties for the development of interpreting, but it has also brought along impacts on the work of inter-preters. The general public, even the interpreters themselves, fall into the fallacy that interpreters are replaceable by machines. At the same time, the ethical dilemma brought by technology to in-terpreting has not been heeded yet. Therefore, it is necessary to sort out the evolution of interpret-ers’ roles in communication, and then clarify the actual roles played by interpreters, so as to explore how interpreters can make breakthroughs under the impact of new technology and how to be bet-ter positioned on the interpreting market. This paper reviews the studies of the interpreters’ role, and focuses on the status quo of both community and conference interpreters’ role studies in the past two decades. It finds that interpreters’ role studies have started from the descriptions of in-terpreters’ diversified performance roles, then delved into the contributing factors of their role performance, and further explored role conflicts, ethical dilemmas facing interpreters, as well as the interpreters’ role choices, i.e., appropriateness of their active involvement. This paper ends up summarizing the problems in the current studies and putting forward suggestions for further stud-ies of interpreters’ roles.