基于语音库的湘西苗语地区英语学习者元音习得类型研究
A Phonological Database-Based Study on Patterns of English Vowel Acquisition from Miao Language Learners in Western Hunan

本文通过构建湘西苗语地区英语学习者语音库，运用实验语音学的方法解析湘西苗族地区英语学习者元音系统中苗语、普通话和英语发音的差异，然后从元音习得和元音迁移两个角度探析湘西苗语地区英语学习者元音习得的类型特征。研究结果表明，湘西苗语地区英语学习者前元音习得普遍较好，中元音次之，后元音最不理想；在顶点元音习得方面，湘西苗语地区英语学习者正在由苗语、普通话向英语元音系统过渡，并伴有习得变好的趋势；在松紧元音习得方面，湘西苗语地区英语学习者对松紧元音的舌位高低和舌位前后的区别有一定的意识，并呈现出习得向好的状态。针对湘西苗语地区英语学习者元音发音的上述特征，本文从元音习得和元音迁移两个角度分析了英语学习者的元音偏误类型，并阐释了其与母语苗语和普通话的关联特征，从而为科学制定面向少数民族英语学习者的语音训练方案提供理论参考。
Based on the construction of a phonological database, this paper analyzes the differences in vowel pronunciation of Miao language, mandarin and English from Miao Language learners in Western Hunan with the method of experimental phonetics, and then analyzes patterns of English Vowel Acquisition from two aspects of vowel acquisition and vowel transfer respectively. The results show that the acquisition of pre-vowel is better than that of mid-vowel and the acquisition of post-vowel is the worst. In the aspect of vertex vowels, the acquisition is transitioning from the Miao language and Mandarin to the English vowel system, with a trend of better acquisition. In terms of the acquisition of loose and tight vowels, the Miao language learners in western Hunan have a certain awareness of the differences in the position of the tongue and show a good state of acquisition. Based on the above characteristics of Miao Language learners’ vowel pronunciation, this paper concludes the patterns of English vowel acquisition and the features associated with Miao language and Mandarin, so as to provide a theoretical reference for formulating a phonetic training program for English learners from minorities.