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网络性骚扰的形式、影响与应对
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Abstract:
网络通信技术的发展和普及深刻地影响和改变了人们的生活方式，为网络性骚扰行为的发生提供了新的空间和媒介，使得传统环境中面对面的性骚扰行为发展出了新的形式和内涵。网络性骚扰是技术促进的性暴力(technology-facilitated sexual violence, TFSV)的一种常见形式，主要包括性别骚扰和不受欢迎的性关注这两种类型。网络性骚扰的发生率非常高，主要受害者是女性，包括成年女性和未成年女性，通常会对受害者的情绪和心理健康等方面造成负面的影响。女性遭受到网络性骚扰后通常会产生愤怒，厌恶，恐惧，仇恨等负面情绪，出现焦虑和抑郁等症状的可能性显著提升，但是良好的同伴关系和心理弹性等因素可以有效缓冲网络性骚扰对心理健康造成的负面影响。法律界，教育界和通信服务提供商需要联合起来共同应对网络性骚扰，以保障女性网络参与者的权益和福祉，保护未成年网络参与者免受不法侵害。
The development and popularization of network communication technology have profoundly af-fected and changed people’s way of life, and made the face-to-face sexual harassment in the offline environment develop some new forms, providing a new space and media for the occurrence of online sexual harassment. Online sexual harassment is a common form of technology-facilitated sexual violence (TFSV), and it mainly includes two types: gender-based harassment and unwanted sexual attention. The prevalence of online sexual harassment is very high world widely, and the main victims are female, including adult women and underage women, which usually causes a negative impact on the emotional and mental health of the victims. Online sexual harassment usually causes female anger, disgust, fear, hatred and other negative emotions, and the possibility of symptoms such as anxiety and depression is significantly increased, but good peer relationship and psychological resilience and other factors can effectively buffer the negative impact of online sexual harassment on mental health. Therefore, joint responses from the legal, educational and communication service providers are needed to protect the rights and well-being of female online participants, and to protect underage network participants from illegal infringement.
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