|
|
消极情绪的回避动机强度对工作记忆的影响
|
Abstract:
为了探究回避消极情绪的动机强度与不同工作记忆的协调性，研究采用2-back范式，以不同类型的视频作为情绪诱发材料，考察不同动机强度的回避消极情绪对空间和言语工作记忆的影响，结果发现，在低回避动机消极情绪条件下，空间工作记忆的正确率大于言语工作记忆，即低回避动机消极情绪与空间工作记忆存在协调性，而在高回避动机消极情绪及中性情绪条件下，情绪与认知活动不存在协调状态。该研究在一定程度上深化了情绪的动机维度理论。
To explore the alignment of different avoidance motivational intensity of negative emotion and working memory task, we employed 2-back paradigm, with different types of videos as emotions induced material. The results revealed that under the condition of negative emotions of low avoidance motivation, spatial working memory accuracy is greater than the verbal working memory, which means there is an alignment of low withdrawal-motivated negative emotion and spatial working memory, while there is no harmony between emotion and cognitive tasks under the condition of high withdrawal-motivated negative emotion or neutral emotion. This research deepens the motivational dimension theory of emotion to a certain extent.
| [1] | Baddeley, A. (2012) Working Memory: Theories, Models, and Controversies. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 1-29.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100422 |
| [2] | Izard, C.E. and Izard, C.E. (1977) Differential Emotions Theory. Human Emotions, 43-66.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2209-0_3 |
| [3] | 孟昭兰. 情绪心理学[M]. 北京: 北京大学出版社, 2005: 3. |
| [4] | Carver, C.S. and Harmon-Jones, E. (2009) Anger Is an Approach-Related Affect: Evidence and Implications. Psychological Bulletin, 135, 183-204. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013965 |
| [5] | Gable, P.A. and Harmon-Jones, E. (2010) The Motivational Dimensional Model of Affect: Implications for Breadth of Attention, Memory, and Cognitive Categorisation. Cognitionand Emotion, 24, 322-337.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02699930903378305 |
| [6] | Gable, P.A. and Harmon-Jones, E. (2008) Approach-Motivated Positive Affect Reduces Breadth of Attention. Psychological Science, 19, 476-482. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02112.x |
| [7] | Gable, P.A. and Harmon-Jones, E. (2010) The Effect of Low versus High Approach-Motivated Positive Affect on Memory for Peripherally versus Centrally Presented Information. Emotion, 10, 599-603.
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018426 |
| [8] | Price, T.F. and Harmon-Jones, E. (2010) The Effect of Embodied Emotive States on Cognitive Categorization. Emotion, 10, 934-938. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019809 |
| [9] | Gable, P.A. and Harmon-Jones, E. (2010) The Blues Broaden, but the Nasty Narrows: Attentional Consequences of Negative Affects Low and High in Motivational Intensity. Psychological Science, 21, 211-215.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797609359622 |
| [10] | Eysenck, M.W. and Calvo, M.C. (1992) Anxiety and Performance: The Processing Efficiency Theory. Cognition and Emotion, 6, 409-434. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699939208409696 |
| [11] | Ikeda, M., Iwanaga, M. and Seiwa, H. (1996) Test Anxiety and Working Memory System. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 82, 1223-1231. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1996.82.3c.1223 |
| [12] | Yang, H., Yang, S. and Isen, A.M. (2013) Positive Affect Improves Working Memory: Implications for Controlled Cognitive Processing. Cognition & Emotion, 27, 474-482. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2012.713325 |
| [13] | Storbeck, J. and Maswood, R. (2015) Happiness Increase Verbal and Spatial Working Memory Capacity Where Sadness Does Not: Emotion, Working Memory and Executive Control. Cognition & Emotion, 30, 925-938.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2015.1034091 |
| [14] | Fredrickson, B.L. (2001) The Role of Positive Emotions in Positive Psychology: The Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions. American Psychologist, 56, 218-226. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.218 |
| [15] | Shackman, A., Sarinopoulos, I., Maxwell, J.S., Pizzagalli, D., Lavric, A. and Davidson, R. (2006) Anxiety Selectively Disrupts Visuospatial Working Memory. Emotion, 6, 40-61. https://doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.6.1.40 |
| [16] | Storbeck, J. (2012) Performance Costs When Emotion Tunes in Appropriate Cognitive Abilities: Implications for Mental Resources and Behavior. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 141, 411-416.
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026322 |
| [17] | Gray, J.R. (2001) Emotional Modulation of Cognitive Control: Ap-proach-Withdrawal States Double-Dissociate Spatial from Verbal Two-Back Task Performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 130, 436-452.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.130.3.436 |
| [18] | 李建平, 张平, 代景华, 王丽芳, 阎克乐. 五种基本情绪心脏自主神经传出活动模式[J]. 中国行为医学科学, 2006(1): 57-58. |
