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面孔搜索不对称性的争议：快乐优势与愤怒优势
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Abstract:
人类利用情绪作为传递社会信息的一种方式，正性情绪意味着舒适安全，负性情绪则代表着威胁，而对于不同情绪的察觉速度或搜索速度却存在或大或小的差异，如情绪A和情绪B互为目标和分心物时，对两种目标的搜索速度存在显著差异，这被称为情绪搜索不对称效应。当前，众多学者已经对此进行了大量的研究，但无论是行为还是脑机制层面的探究，总是存在一些具有争议的结果。文章对部分行为研究与脑机制研究进行简短介绍，并对这些互斥结果产生的原因进行了讨论，认为不同研究间各种各样的额外变量很可能是这些不一致的不对称性结论产生的原因。
Humans use emotions as a way to convey social information, with positive emotions meaning comfort and safety, and negative emotions representing threat. However, there are differences, large or small, in the detection or search speed for different emotions. For example, when emo-tions A and B are both targets and distractors, there is a significant difference in search speed for the two targets, known as the emotional search asymmetry effect. Currently, numerous scholars have conducted extensive research on this, but there are always some controversial results, whether it is at the behavioral or brain mechanism level. This article briefly introduces some behavioral and brain mechanism research and discusses the reasons for the conflicting results, suggesting that various additional variables between different types of research may be the cause of these inconsistent conclusions of asymmetry.
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