全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

性别二态性对个体吸引力的影响
The Impact of Sexual Dimorphism on Individual Attractiveness

DOI: 10.12677/AP.2024.143141, PP. 122-130

Keywords: 吸引力,性别二态性,性选择,文化差异,资源分配
Attractiveness
, Sexual Dimorphism, Sexual Selection, Cultural Differences, Resource Allocation

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

个体吸引力在人们的生活工作中起着重要作用,个体吸引力由面孔吸引力、体型吸引力、声音吸引力等组成。其中面孔吸引力的影响作用最大,其影响因素有对称性、平均化以及性别二态性。随着近年来人们对性别的传统认知逐渐受到新潮流文化的冲击,性别二态性的概念也被频繁提及,与之相关的性别二态性研究也随之增多。过去研究更加倾向于将性别二态性与其他变量相结合,研究其他因素对吸引力的影响,但对于性别二态性如何影响吸引力,并没有一个确切的结论。本文将从面孔、声音、体型、肤色等方面,探讨性别二态性对面孔吸引力造成的影响。
Personal attractiveness plays an important role in people’s lives and work. Personal attractiveness consists of facial attractiveness, body attractiveness, voice attractiveness, etc. Among them, facial attractiveness has the greatest influence, and its influencing factors are symmetry, averageness and sexual dimorphism. In recent years, as people’s traditional understanding of gender has been gradually impacted by new cultural trends, the concept of sexual dimorphism has been frequently mentioned, and related research on sexual dimorphism has also increased. Past research has tended to combine sexual dimorphism with other variables to study the impact of other factors on attractiveness, but there is no definite conclusion on how sexual dimorphism affects attractiveness. This article will explore the impact of sexual dimorphism on facial attractiveness from aspects such as face, voice, body shape, and skin color.

References

[1]  Becher, T., Palanisamy, S., Kramer, D. J., Eljalby, M., Marx, S. J., Wibmer, A. G. et al. (2021). Brown Adipose Tissue Is Associated with Cardiometabolic Health. Nature Medicine, 27, 58-65.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-1126-7
[2]  Boothroyd, L. G., Jones, B. C., Burt, D. M., DeBruine, L. M., & Perrett, D. I. (2008). Facial Correlates of Sociosexuality. Evolution and Human Behavior, 29, 211-218.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.12.009
[3]  Boothroyd, L. G., Scott, I., Gray, A. W., Coombes, C. I., & Pound, N. (2013). Male Facial Masculinity as a Cue to Health Outcomes. Evolutionary Psychology, 11, 1044-1058.
https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491301100508
[4]  Borkowska, B., & Pawlowski, B. (2011). Female Voice Frequen-cy in the Context of Dominance and Attractiveness Perception. Animal Behaviour, 82, 55-59.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.03.024
[5]  Boulet, N., Briot, A., Galitzky, J., & Bouloumié, A. (2022). The Sexual Dimorphism of Human Adipose Depots. Biomedicines, 10, Article 2615.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102615
[6]  Burriss, R. P., Marcinkowska, U. M., & Lyons, M. T. (2014). Gaze Properties of Women Judging the Attractiveness of Masculine and Feminine Male Faces. Evolutionary Psychology, 12, 19-35.
https://doi.org/10.1177/147470491401200102
[7]  Clarkson, T. R., Sidari, M. J., Sains, R., Alexander, M., Harrison, M., Mefodeva, V. et al. (2020). A Multivariate Analysis of Women’s Mating Strategies and Sexual Selection on Men’s Facial Morphology. Royal Society Open Science, 7, Article 191209.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191209
[8]  DeBruine, L. M., Jones, B. C., Smith, F. G., & Little, A. C. (2010). Are At-tractive Men’s Faces Masculine or Feminine? The Importance of Controlling Confounds in Face Stimuli. Journal of Experi-mental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 36, 751-758.
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016457
[9]  Dixson, B. J., Grimshaw, G. M., Ormsby, D. K., & Dixson, A. F. (2014). Eye-Tracking Women’s Preferences for Men’s Somato-types. Evolution and Human Behavior, 35, 73-79.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.10.003
[10]  Feinberg, D. R., Jones, B. C., Little, A. C., Burt, D. M., & Perrett, D. I. (2005). Manipulations of Fundamental and Formant Frequen-cies Influence the Attractiveness of Human Male Voices. Animal Behaviour, 69, 561-568.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2004.06.012
[11]  Fiala, V., T?ebicky, V., Pazhoohi, F., Leongómez, J. D., Ture?ek, P., Saribay, S. A. et al. (2021). Facial Attractiveness and Preference of Sexual Dimorphism: A Comparison across Five Populations. Evolutionary Human Sciences, 3, e38.
https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2021.33
[12]  Holzleitner, I. J., & Perrett, D. I. (2017). Women’s Preferences for Men’s Facial Masculinity: Trade-Off Accounts Revisited. Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology, 3, 304-320.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40750-017-0070-3
[13]  Jablonski, N. G., & Chaplin, G. (2000). The Evolution of Human Skin Coloration. Journal of Human Evolution, 39, 57-106.
https://doi.org/10.1006/jhev.2000.0403
[14]  Kordsmeyer, T. L., Hunt, J., Puts, D. A., Ostner, J., & Penke, L. (2018). The Relative Importance of Intra- and Intersexual Selection on Human Male Sexually Dimorphic Traits. Evolution and Hu-man Behavior, 39, 424-436.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2018.03.008
[15]  Ko?ciński, K. (2014). Assessment of Waist-to-Hip Ratio Attractiveness in Women: An Anthropometric Analysis of Digital Silhouettes. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 43, 989-997.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-013-0166-1
[16]  Lassek, W. D., & Gaulin, S. J. (2008). Waist-Hip Ratio and Cogni-tive Ability: Is Gluteofemoral Fat a Privileged Store of Neurodevelopmental Resources? Evolution and Human Behavior, 29, 26-34.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2007.07.005
[17]  Law Smith, M. J., Perrett, D. I., Jones, B. C., Cornwell, R. E., Moore, F. R., Feinberg, D. R. et al. (2006). Facial Appearance Is a Cue to Oestrogen Levels in Women. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 273, 135-140.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3296
[18]  Lee, A. J., Brooks, R. C., Potter, K. J., & Zietsch, B. P. (2015). Pathogen Disgust Sensitivity and Resource Scarcity Are Associated with Mate Preference for Different Waist-to-Hip Ratios, Shoul-der-to-Hip Ratios, and Body Mass Index. Evolution and Human Behavior, 36, 480-488.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2015.07.002
[19]  Lee, A. J., Dubbs, S. L., Kelly, A. J., von Hippel, W., Brooks, R. C., & Zietsch, B. P. (2013). Human Facial Attributes, but Not Perceived Intelligence, Are Used as Cues of Health and Resource Provision Potential. Behavioral Ecology, 24, 779-787.
https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/ars199
[20]  Lee, A. J., Mitchem, D. G., Wright, M. J., Martin, N. G., Keller, M. C., & Zietsch, B. P. (2014). Genetic Factors That Increase Male Facial Masculinity Decrease Facial Attractiveness of Female Rela-tives. Psychological Science, 25, 476-484.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797613510724
[21]  Lyons, M., Marcinkowska, U., Moisey, V., & Harrison, N. (2016). The Effects of Resource Availability and Relationship Status on Women’s Preference for Facial Masculinity in Men: An Eye-Tracking Study. Personality and Individual Differences, 95, 25-28.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.025
[22]  Mogilski, J. K., & Welling, L. L. (2017). The Relative Importance of Sexual Dimorphism, Fluctuating Asymmetry, and Color Cues to Health during Evaluation of Potential Partners’ Facial Pho-tographs: A Conjoint Analysis Study. Human Nature, 28, 53-75.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-016-9277-4
[23]  Moore, F. R., Smith, M. L., Taylor, V., & Perrett, D. I. (2011). Sex-ual Dimorphism in the Female Face Is a Cue to Health and Social Status but Not Age. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 1068-1073.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2011.01.026
[24]  Nowak, J., Paw?owski, B., Borkowska, B., Augustyniak, D., & Dru-lis-Kawa, Z. (2018). No Evidence for the Immunocompetence Handicap Hypothesis in Male Humans. Scientific Reports, 8, Article No. 7392.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-25694-0
[25]  Orsso, C. E., Colin-Ramirez, E., Field, C. J., Madsen, K. L., Prado, C. M., & Haqq, A. M. (2020). Adipose Tissue Development and Expansion from the Womb to Adolescence: An Overview. Nutrients, 12, Article 2735.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092735
[26]  Pereira, K. J., David, V. F., Varella, M. A. C., & Valentova, J. V. (2020). Environmental Threat Influences Preferences for Sexual Dimorphism in Male and Female Faces but Not Voices or Dances. Evolution and Human Behavior, 41, 303-311.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2020.05.003
[27]  Pipitone, R. N., & Gallup Jr., G. G. (2008). Women’s Voice Attractiveness Varies across the Menstrual Cycle. Evolution and Human Behavior, 29, 268-274.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2008.02.001
[28]  Pisanski, K., & Rendall, D. (2011). The Prioritization of Voice Fundamental Frequency or Formants in Listeners’ Assessments of Speaker Size, Masculinity, and Attractiveness. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 129, 2201-2212.
https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3552866
[29]  Pisanski, K., Fraccaro, P. J., Tigue, C. C., O’Connor, J. J., R?der, S., An-drews, P. W. et al. (2014). Vocal Indicators of Body Size in Men and Women: A Meta-Analysis. Animal Behaviour, 95, 89-99.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.06.011
[30]  Probst, F., Bobst, C., & Lobmaier, J. S. (2016). Testos-terone-to-Oestradiol Ratio Is Associated with Female Facial Attractiveness. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69, 89-99.
https://doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2015.1024696
[31]  Puts, D. A., Jones, B. C., & DeBruine, L. M. (2012). Sexual Selection on Human Faces and Voices. Journal of Sex Research, 49, 227-243.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2012.658924
[32]  Rhodes, G., Morley, G., & Simmons, L. W. (2013). Women Can Judge Sexual Unfaithfulness from Unfamiliar Men’s Faces. Biology Letters, 9, Article 20120908.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2012.0908
[33]  Roney, J. R., Simmons, Z. L., & Gray, P. B. (2011). Changes in Estradiol Predict Within-Women Shifts in Attraction to Facial Cues of Men’s Testosterone. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 36, 742-749.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.10.010
[34]  Russell, R. (2003). Sex, Beauty, and the Relative Luminance of Facial Features. Perception, 32, 1093-1107.
https://doi.org/10.1068/p5101
[35]  Said, C. P., & Todorov, A. (2011). A Statistical Model of Facial Attractiveness. Psychological Science, 22, 1183-1190.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797611419169
[36]  Scott, I., Swami, V., Josephson, S. C., & Penton-Voak, I. S. (2008). Context-Dependent Preferences for Facial Dimorphism in a Rural Malaysian Population. Evolution and Human Behavior, 29, 289-296.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2008.02.004
[37]  Skrinda, I., Krama, T., Kecko, S., Moore, F. R., Kaasik, A., Meija, L. et al. (2014). Body Height, Immunity, Facial and Vocal Attractiveness in Young Men. Naturwissenschaften, 101, 1017-1025.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-014-1241-8
[38]  Swaddle, J. P., & Reierson, G. W. (2002). Testosterone Increases Perceived Dominance but Not Attractiveness in Human Males. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 269, 2285-2289.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2002.2165
[39]  Tchernof, A., & Després, J. P. (2013). Pathophysiology of Human Vis-ceral Obesity: An Update. Physiological Reviews, 93, 359-404.
https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00033.2011
[40]  Thornhill, R., & Gangestad, S. W. (2006). Facial Sexual Dimor-phism, Developmental Stability, and Susceptibility to Disease in Men and Women. Evolution and Human Behavior, 27, 131-144.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2005.06.001
[41]  Welling, L. L., Jones, B. C., & DeBruine, L. M. (2008). Sex Drive Is Positively Associated with Women’s Preferences for Sexual Dimorphism in Men’s and Women’s Faces. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 161-170.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2007.07.026

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133