[1] | Ansell, C., & Torfing, J. (2021). Public Governance as Co-Creation: A Strategy for Revitalizing the Public Sector and Rejuvenating Democracy. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108765381
|
[2] | Aqasi, M. M. P., Raja, A., Kheiri R V., & Rezvani A. A (2021). The Role of Development Stimulus Projects in the Implementation of Regeneration Policies (Case Study: District 12 of Tehran). Journal of Human Settlements and Planning, 16, 253-267.
|
[3] | Baldwin, K. (2014). When Politicians Cede Control of Resources: Land, Chiefs, and Coalition-Building in Africa. Comparative Politics, 46, 253-271. https://doi.org/10.5129/001041514810943036
|
[4] | Becker, J., Chasin, F., Rosemann, M. et al. (2023). City 5.0: Citizen Involvement in the Design of Future Cities. Electron Markets, 33, Article No. 10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12525-023-00621-y
|
[5] | Bibri S. E., & Krogstie, J. (2017). Smart Sustainable Cities of the Future: An Extensive Interdisciplinary Literature Review. Sustainable Cities and Society, 31, 183-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.02.016
|
[6] | Bolay, J. C. (2012). What Sustainable Development for the Cities of the South? Urban Issues for a Third Millennium. International Journal of Urban Sustainable Development, 4, 76-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/19463138.2011.626170
|
[7] | Bolay, J., Eléonore, L., Loan, N., & My Lan, N. (2019). Local Sustainable Development Indicators and Urbanization in Vietnam, What Are the Good Questions? The Case of the City of Chau Doc in the Mekong Delta. Current Urban Studies, 7, 598-636. https://doi.org/10.4236/cus.2019.74032
|
[8] | Burby, R. (2003). Making Plans That Matter: Citizen Involvement and Government Action. Journal of the American Planning Association, 69, 33-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944360308976292
|
[9] | Carlino, G. (2001). Knowledge Spillovers: Cities’ Role in the New Economy. Business Review, 7, 17-26.
|
[10] | Castan, B. V., & Alves, S. (2018). Intersectionality Challenges for the Co-Production of Urban Services: Notes for a Theoretical and Methodological Agenda. Environment and Urbanization, 30, 367-386. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247818790208
|
[11] | Caves, R. W. (2004). Encyclopedia of the City (p. 99). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203484234
|
[12] | Colenbrander, S. (2016). Cities as Engines of Economic Growth: The Case for Providing Basic Infrastructure and Services in Urban Areas. https://www.iied.org/10801iied
|
[13] | Enyedi, G. (2004). Public Participation in Socially Sustainable Urban Development. UNESCO/MOST. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0013/001355/135555eo.pdf
|
[14] | Eurostat (2021). Applying the Degree of Urbanisation: A Methodological Manual to define Cities, Towns and Rural Areas for International Comparisons. European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank.
|
[15] | Galuszka, J. (2019). What Makes Urban Governance Co-Productive? Contradictions in the Current Debate on Co-Production. Planning Theory, 18, 143-160. https://doi.org/10.1177/1473095218780535
|
[16] | Ggoobi, R., & Lukwago, D. (2019). Financing Local Governments in Uganda. An Analysis of the Proposed National Budget FY 2019/20 and Proposals for Re-Allocation, ACODE Policy Research Series No. 92.
|
[17] | Glaeser, E. L. (2008). The Economic Approach to Cities. Working Paper Series RWP08-003, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1080294
|
[18] | Government of Uganda (GOU) (2017). Uganda National Urban Policy. Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development.
|
[19] | Harris, C. D., & Ullman, E. L. (1945). The Nature of Cities. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 242, 7-17. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1026055 https://doi.org/10.1177/000271624524200103
|
[20] | Henderson, J. V. (1985). Economic Theory and the Cities. A Volume in Research in Urban Economics (2nd ed.). Academic Press.
|
[21] | Jakobsen, M., & Andersen, S. C. (2013). Coproduction and Equity in Public Service Delivery. Public Administration Review, 73, 704-713. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12094
|
[22] | Kallus, R. (2016). Citizenship in Action: Participatory Urban Visualization in Contested Urban Space. Journal of urban Design, 21, 616-637. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2016.1186490
|
[23] | Katz, B. (2016). Six Ways Cities Can Reach Their Economic Potential. LivingCities Policy Series. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/20061002_economicpotential.pdf
|
[24] | Katz, P. (1994). The New Urbanism: Toward an Architecture of Community. McGraw-Hill.
|
[25] | Kemp, R. L. (1998). Managing America’s Cities: A Handbook for local Government Productivity. McFarland and Co.
|
[26] | Klopp, J. M., & Petretta, D. L. (2017). The Urban Sustainable Development Goals: Indicators, Complexity and the Politics of Measuring Cities. Cities, 63, 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.12.019
|
[27] | Kuddus, M. A., Tynan, E., & McBryde, E. (2020). Urbanization: A Problem for the Rich and the Poor? Public Health Reviews, 41, Article No. 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-019-0116-0
|
[28] | Kuper, A., & Kuper, J. (Eds.) (1996). The Social Science Encyclopedia (2nd ed.). Routledge.
|
[29] | Kyohairwe, S. B. (2020). The City Impetus: Prospects of Urban Growth and Development in Uganda. Local Governance Briefer, No. 2. https://www.acode-u.org/vol/article/Issue2_A5.pdf
|
[30] | Kyohairwe, S. B., Karyeija, G., Nkata, J. L., Muriisa, R. K., & Nduhura, A. (2022). Building Institutional-Based Trust in Regulated Local Government Systems: The Uganda Perspective. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 10, 376-399. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2022.104028
|
[31] | Laffin, M., & Ormston, C. (2013). Disconnected Communities? ICT, Policy Learning and the Lessons for Central-Local Relations. Public Money & Management, 33, 185-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2013.785703
|
[32] | Leino, H., & Puumala, E. (2021). What Can Co-Creation Do for the Citizens? Applying Co-Creation for the Promotion of Participation in Cities. Environment and Planning C, 39, 781-799. https://doi.org/10.1177/2399654420957337
|
[33] | Linders, D. (2012). From E-Government to We-Government: Defining a Typology for Citizen Coproduction in the Age of Social Media. Government Information Quarterly, 29, 446-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2012.06.003
|
[34] | Mathotaarachchi, K., & Thilakarathna, K. (2021). The Social Structure of the City: A Critical Review of Contributing Sociologists. Current Urban Studies, 9, 181-195. https://doi.org/10.4236/cus.2021.92011
|
[35] | McFarlane, C. (2011). The City as Assemblage: Dwelling and Urban Space. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 29, 649-671. https://doi.org/10.1068/d4710
|
[36] | McGranahan, G., & Satterthwaite, D. (2014). Urbanisation Concepts and Trends. IIED Working Paper, IIED.
|
[37] | Ministry of Local Government (MOLG) (2023). Administrative Units. Homepage Info. https://molg.go.ug/
|
[38] | Mitchell, D. (2003). The Right to the City. Guilford Press.
|
[39] | Mitlin, D. (2021). A Framework to Scale Citizen Participation in Urban Development: Learning from experiences of Multi-Stakeholder Collaboration. GDI Working Paper, The University of Manchester.
|
[40] | Mushemeza, E. D. (2019). Decentralisation in Uganda: Trends, Achievements, Challenges and Proposals for Consolidation. ACODE Policy Research Paper Series No. 93.
|
[41] | National Planning Authority (NPA) (2020). Third National Development Plan (NDPIII) 2020/21-2024/25. Republic of Uganda.
|
[42] | O’Sullivan, A. (2007). Urban Economics (6th ed., Ch. 1-11, 13-14). McGraw-Hill Irwin.
|
[43] | Potts D. (2017). Conflict and Collisions in Sub-Saharan African Urban Definitions: Interpreting Recent Urbanization Data from Kenya. World Development, 97, 67-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.03.036
|
[44] | Potts D. (2018). Urban Data and Definitions in Sub-Saharan Africa: Mismatches between the Pace of Urbanisation and Employment and Livelihood Change. Urban Studies, 55, 965-986. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098017712689
|
[45] | Pratt, A. C. (2008). Creative Cities: The Cultural Industries and the Creative Class. Geografiska Annaler, 90, 107-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0467.2008.00281.x
|
[46] | Roberts, B. H. (2014). Managing Systems of Secondary Cities. Policy Responses in International Development. Cities Alliance.
|
[47] | Roberts, B. H. (2019). Connecting Systems of Secondary Cities: How Soft and Hard Infrastructure Can Foster Equitable Economic Growth among Secondary Cities. Cities Alliance.
|
[48] | Røiseland, A. (2021). Co-Creating Democratic Legitimacy: Potentials and Pitfalls. Administration & Society, 54, 1493-1515. https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997211061740
|
[49] | Rossi-Hansberg, E., & Wright, M. L. J. (2007). Urban Structure and Growth. Review of Economic Studies, 74, 597-624. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2007.00432.x
|
[50] | Ryan, R., & Woods R. (2015). Decentralisation and Subsidiarity: Concepts and Frameworks for Emerging Economies. Occasional Paper Series Number 15, Forum of Federations.
|
[51] | Sassen, S. (2010). When the City Itself Becomes a Technology of War. Theory, Culture & Society, 27, 33-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276410380938
|
[52] | Schoburgh, E. D. (2010). Is Subsidiarity the Panacea for Local Government Problems in the Caribbean? Social and Economic Studies, 59, 27-66. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41803727
|
[53] | Smoke, P. (2015). Accountability and Service Delivery in decentralising Environments: Understanding Context and Strategically Advancing Reform. A Governance Practitioner’s Notebook: Alternative Ideas and Approaches, OECD.
|
[54] | Stewart, J. (1990). The Role of Councillors in the Management of the Authority. Local Government Studies, 16, 25-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/03003939008433535
|
[55] | Stratigea, A., Kikidou, M., Patelida, M., & Somarakis, G. (2018). Engaging Citizens in Planning Open Public Space Regeneration: Pedio Agora Framework. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 144, Article 05017016. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000418
|
[56] | Therrien, P. (2005). City and Innovation: Different Size, Different Strategy. European Planning Studies, 13, 853-877. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654310500187961
|
[57] | Torfing, J., Røiseland, A., & Sørensen, E. (2016). Transforming the Public Sector into an Arena for Co-Creation: Barriers, Drivers, Benefits, and Ways Forward. Administration & Society, 51, 795-825. https://doi.org/10.1177/0095399716680057
|
[58] | UN-Habitat (2011). The Economic Role of Cities. United Nations Human Settlements Programme Nairobi.
|
[59] | UN-Habitat (2014). Urban Planning for City Leaders (2nd ed.). United Nations Human Settlements Programme.
|
[60] | UN-Habitat (2016). Urbanization and Development: Emerging Futures. World Cities Report, United Nations Human Settlements Programme.
|
[61] | UN-Habitat (2020). World Cities Report. The Value of Sustainable Urbanization. United Nations Human Settlements Programme. https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/10/wcr_2020_report.pdf
|
[62] | United Nations (UN) (2015). Transforming Our World. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. A/RES/70/1, United Nations. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/21252030%20Agenda%20for%20Sustainable%20Development%20web.pdf
|
[63] | United Nations (UN) (2022). The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2022. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2022.pdf
|
[64] | Vaughn, F. G. (1994). The Geography of Resource Economics. Land Economics, 70, 515-519. https://doi.org/10.2307/3146645
|
[65] | Voith, R. (1998). Do Suburbs Need Cities? Journal of Regional Science, 38, 445-464. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4146.00102
|
[66] | Weber, M. (1958). The City. The Free Press.
|
[67] | Wirth, L. (1938). Urbanism as a Way of Life. The American Journal of Sociology, 44, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1086/217913
|
[68] | World Bank (2022). Urban Development. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/urbandevelopment/overview
|
[69] | World Bank (2024a). Uganda Urban Population 1960-2024. https://www.macrotrends.net/countries/UGA/uganda/urban-population#:~:text=Uganda
|
[70] | World Bank (2024b). Urban Population Growth (Annual Percentage)—Uganda. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.GROW?locations=UG
|