教育元宇宙技术发展趋势与路径研究
Research on the Development Trend and Path of Educational Meta-Universe Technology

教育元宇宙技术脱胎于元宇宙技术，借助虚拟现实(VR)、增强现实(AR)、混合现实(MR)技术的快速发展，已成为高校本科教学、课程改革的一个重要方向。教育元宇宙技术应用层次自下向上可分为虚拟重现、虚拟仿真和虚实融合三个层次，虚实融合的目标是虚拟场景和真实场景的自由切换，借助人工智能和三维地图技术，实现真实教学场景和虚拟教学场景的无缝切换。当前高校教育元宇宙技术的发展过程中存在显著的外部路径依赖和内部路径依赖，并对路径依赖进行分析，提出外部路径创造和内部路径创造，并将加强政府引导、培育可学习的优秀案例、保护个人隐私信息作为推进教育元宇宙应用发展的关键路径。
Educational metaverse technology originated from metaverse technology, and with the rapid de-velopment of virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) technologies, it has become an important direction for undergraduate teaching and curriculum reform in universi-ties. The application level of educational metaverse technology can be divided into three levels from bottom to top: virtual reproduction, virtual simulation, and virtual real fusion. The goal of virtual real fusion is to freely switch between virtual and real scenes. With the help of artificial intelligence and 3D map technology, seamless switching between real and virtual teaching scenes can be achieved. In the current development process of metaverse technology in higher education, there are significant external and internal path dependencies. An analysis of path dependencies is conducted, and external path creation and internal path creation are proposed. Strengthening government guidance, cultivating learnable excellent cases, and protecting personal privacy information will be the key paths to promote the development of educational metaverse applications.