中国特色文化负载词汉日翻译分析——以《二十大报告》日译本为例
Chinese Characteristic Cultural Terminology Translation Analysis in Chinese-Japanese Context—A Case Study of the Japanese Translation of the “20th Congress Report”

《二十大报告》是指导全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的纲领性文献。《二十大报告》外译本是中国重要的政府外宣文本。其译文质量直接影响中国在境外的形象建构。《二十大报告》中的中国特色文化负载词承载着深厚的历史文化底蕴和独特的价值体系，其在翻译中涉及到语言、文化、政治等多方面的因素。本论文从“外宣三贴近”原则的视角分析报告中的典型翻译案例，鉴赏佳译、提出意见，并揭示中国特色文化负载词在日译过程中面临的难点与解决对策，总结外宣文本的日译策略。通过此研究，希望为中国外宣工作提供实用性的参考，帮助构建中国话语和中国叙事体系。
The “20th Congress Report” is a seminal document that guides the comprehensive construction of a socialist modernization nation and charts the course toward the second centenary goal. Transla-tions of the “20th Congress Report” serve as important instruments of China’s government propa-ganda abroad, with the quality of these translations directly impacting China’s image on the inter-national stage. Within the “20th Congress Report”, terminologies embodying China’s unique cultural heritage and distinct value system bear the weight of profound historical and cultural significance. The translation of such terms involves multifaceted considerations spanning language, culture, pol-itics, and more. This paper analyzes typical translation cases from the perspective of the “Three Proximities” principle in external propaganda, offering appreciation for exemplary translations, providing suggestions for improvement, and revealing the challenges and strategies encountered during the Japanese translation of terminologies associated with China’s distinctive culture. Ulti-mately, it aims to provide practical references for China’s external propaganda efforts and contrib-ute to the construction of Chinese discourse and narrative systems.