不同治疗方式对恶性小肠梗阻患者的短期获益的影响
Impact of Different Treatment Modalities on Short-Term Benefits for Patients with Malignant Small Bowel Obstruction

目的：探讨不同治疗方式对恶性小肠梗阻患者的短期获益。方法：我们回顾性收集了2020年1月1日至2022年12月31日在青岛大学附属医院住院治疗的恶性小肠梗阻患者(非手术治疗患者36例，手术治疗患者73例)的临床数据(基本资料 + 血检结果 + 影像学特征)，使用SPSS27.0进行统计学分析，并绘制Kaplan-Meier生存曲线。结果：手术治疗组在流质饮食率、症状缓解率方面，住院时间优于非手术治疗组；手术治疗组住院花费高于非手术治疗组；造口组患者腹腔内径纵横比大于非造口组患者；造口组患者肠壁水肿率、腹水出现率、大网膜区域肿瘤沉积率高于非造口组；造口组患者术后流质饮食恢复时间小于非造口组患者。手术治疗组总体生存时间优于非手术治疗组，造口与非造口手术方式对总体生存并无明显差异。结论：手术治疗能够使恶性小肠梗阻患者短期获益，并延长生存时间。
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the short-term benefits of different treatment modalities for patients with Malignant Small Bowel Obstruction (MSBO). Methods: Clinical data, including basic information, blood test results, and imaging features, were retrospectively collected from patients with MSBO who were hospitalized at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2022. The patients were divided into two groups: a non-operative treatment group (36 patients) and a surgical treatment group (73 patients). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted. Results: The surgical treatment group showed better outcomes in terms of hospital stay, fluid diet tolerance, and symptom relief rates compared to the non-operative treatment group. However, the cost of hospitalization was higher in the surgical treatment group. Furthermore, patients in the stoma group had a higher aspect ratio of the abdominal internal diameter compared to those in the non-stoma group. The stoma group also exhibited a higher rate of intestinal wall edema, ascites appearance, and tumor deposition in the greater omentum region. However, there was no significant difference in overall survival between the stoma and non-stoma surgical methods. Conclusions: Surgical treatment for patients with malignant small bowel obstruction can provide short-term benefits, such as improved hospital stay and symptom relief, and may prolong overall survival.