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miR-331在人类癌症中的研究进展
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Abstract:
非编码RNA (ncRNA)领域在了解疾病的发病机制以及认识其靶向性(尤其是癌症治疗)的方面取得了重大进展。ncRNAs是一个庞大的RNA家族，其中microRNAs (miRNAs)是一种缺乏编码蛋白的内源性RNA。目前，miRNA在癌症的发病和发展过程中所发挥的作用已被广泛的研究所发现。本综述的重点是miR-331在癌症中的作用及其与肿瘤进展的关系。miR-331同时具有致癌和抑癌功能，大多数实验与该miRNA的促肿瘤功能一致。miR-331对于代谢重编程至关重要，并可诱导糖酵解以促进肿瘤进展。miR-331通过影响某一关键蛋白或基因表达，调节细胞凋亡途径来影响细胞凋亡。miR-331刺激EMT机制，从而提高肿瘤转移。miR-331的调控使肿瘤具有一定的抗化学治疗和放射治疗的能力。越来越多的证据揭示了miR-331作为一种生物标志物的作用，因为它存在于血清和外泌体中，以便对癌症的诊断及预后进行评估。
The field of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has made significant progress in understanding the patho-genesis of diseases and recognizing their targeting, especially for cancer therapy. ncRNAs are a large family of RNAs, of which microRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous RNAs that lack coding proteins. miRNAs have been extensively investigated for their roles in the development of cancer. Role in cancer development and progression has been extensively investigated and discovered. The focus of this review is on the role of miR-331 in cancer and its relationship with tumor progression. miR-331 has both oncogenic and oncostatic functions, and most experiments are consistent with a pro-tumorigenic function of this miRNA. miR-331 is essential for metabolic reprogramming and in-duces glycolysis for tumor progression. miR-331 affects apoptotic pathways by influencing the ex-pression of a key protein or gene and regulation of the apoptotic pathway to influence apoptosis. miR-331 stimulates the EMT mechanism, which enhances tumor metastasis. miR-331 regulation provides tumors with some resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Increasing evidence reveals the role of miR-331 as a biomarker as it is present in serum and exosomes for diagnostic and prognostic evaluations of cancer.
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