庭审实质化背景下刑事辩护制度研究
Study on Criminal Defense System under the Background of Substantive Trial

在“以审判为中心诉讼制度改革”背景下，庭审实质化已然成为改革的落脚点和重点推进方向。刑事辩护制度作为贯穿刑事诉讼全过程的、旨在保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人合法权益的一项重要制度设计，其始终紧紧依附于刑事诉讼制度并随着庭审实质化改革推进而不断发展完善。这一制度不仅符合刑事辩护对法庭审理的期待和要求，同时也为庭审实质化的完善创造了新的发展空间。因此，庭审实质化即为刑事辩护制度的实质化，二者之间具有天然的内在联系和共同的价值追求。在此背景下，通过对庭审实质化与刑事辩护制度相关理论知识的论述，对当前庭审实质化背景下我国刑事辩护制度在“刑事辩护率低”、“法律援助制度存在缺陷”、“有效辩护不足”、“直接言词原则贯彻不到位”等问题进行梳理，并给出明确的刑事辩护制度完善路径，以期刑事辩护制度在庭审实质化改革中发挥应有的效用。
Under the background of “litigation system reform centered on trial”, the substantive trial has become the foothold and key direction of the reform. As an important system design that runs through the whole process of criminal proceedings and aims to protect the legitimate rights and interests of criminal suspects and defendants, the criminal defense system is always closely attached to the criminal procedure system and constantly develops and improves with the substantive reform of trial. This system not only accords with the expectation and requirement of the criminal defense to the court trial, but also creates new development space for the perfection of the substantive trial. Therefore, the essence of the trial is the essence of the criminal defense system, and there is a natural internal connection and common value pursuit between the two. In this context, and through the trial substance and relevant theoretical knowledge of criminal defense system, under the background of the current trial substance criminal defense system of our country in the low rate of criminal defense, the deficiency in the system of “legal aid”, “insufficient effective defense”, “the principle of direct verbal trial implementation does not reach the designated position” to comb, and give clear criminal defense system perfect path, it is expected that the criminal defense system will play its due role in the substantive reform of the trial.