四川盆地页岩气勘探开发过程中废物治理：现实、主体行为与优化
Waste Management during Shale Gas Exploration and Development in Sichuan Basin: Reality, Agent Behavior and Optimization

四川盆地是中国页岩气资源勘探开发的示范区，随着勘探开发力度的加大，生产过程中所产生废物不断增加，对区域内的环境承载能力提出了挑战，如何有效治理成为影响和制约页岩气资源勘探开发的关键。本文立足于四川盆地页岩气勘探开发过程中废物治理现状，从指导思想、发展方式到治理能力方面分析了其产生的原因，构建了政府、油田企业和第三方服务企业的三方演化博弈模型，系统分析其行为演化规律，提出治理优化对策。研究发现：一是现有的页岩气勘探开发废物治理模式存在主导思想与绿色发展理念、发展方式与可持续发展思想、废物处理能力与现实需求的三重矛盾；二是基于政府、油田企业、第三方废物治理企业三个关键主体行为博弈的最优稳定策略是(弱监管、积极治理、重视补贴)。因此，树立正确的治理理念，重塑科学治理方式，创新治理技术将有利于四川盆地页岩气勘探开发废物治理效能的提高，有利于资源开发与环境保护的统一。
Sichuan Basin is a demonstration area of shale gas exploration and development in China. With the increase of exploration and development efforts, the waste generated in the production process continues to increase, which poses a challenge to the environmental carrying capacity of the region. How to effectively control the waste has become the key to influence and restrict the exploration and development of shale gas resources. Based on the current situation of waste treatment during shale gas exploration and development in Sichuan Basin, this paper analyzes the causes of waste treatment from the aspects of guiding ideology, development mode and treatment ability, constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model of government, oilfield enterprises and third-party service enterprises, systematically analyzes the behavior evolution law, and proposes treatment and optimization countermeasures. The findings are as follows: First, the existing shale gas ex-ploration and development waste management mode has three contradictions: the leading idea and the green development concept, the development mode and the sustainable development idea, the waste treatment capacity and the actual demand; The second is the optimal stabilization strategy based on the behavioral game of the three key entities of the government, oilfield enterprises and third-party waste treatment enterprises (weak supervision, active governance and emphasis on subsidies). Therefore, the establishment of correct governance concepts, reshaping scientific gov-ernance methods, and innovative governance technologies will be conducive to the improvement of waste management efficiency of shale gas exploration and development in Sichuan Basin, and will be conducive to the unification of resource development and environmental protection.