职业教育的困境：用人单位与应届生信息不对称问题探究
The Dilemma of Vocational Education: An Exploration of Information Asymmetry between Employers and Fresh Graduates

当今市场需求趋向多样化，在就业市场中用人单位因更熟悉市场动向而处于优势信息地位；职教学生往往因自我歧视和外来质疑而消极被动地进入就业市场，因而长期处于劣势信息地位。这一“信息不对称”导致职教毕业生难以在市场中找准自己的位子，同时用人单位无法适应经济社会发展需求——这不仅是一个教育问题，更是社会经济发展过程中的阻力。因此，本研究在对127位职教学生进行半结构化访谈、收集1730份职业教育社会认可度量表的基础上，通过强、弱关系理论和歧视理论，着重探究用人单位和应届生信息不对称现象背后的原因。
Nowadays, market demand tends to be diversified, and employers are in an advantageous infor-mation position in the job market because they are more familiar with market trends; Vocational education students often passively enter the job market due to self discrimination and external questioning, thus being in a disadvantaged information position for a long time. This “information asymmetry” makes it difficult for vocational education graduates to find their place in the market, and at the same time, employers cannot adapt to the needs of economic and social development. This is not only an education problem, but also a resistance in the process of socio-economic development. Therefore, based on semi-structured interviews with 127 vocational education students and the collection of 1730 vocational education social recognition scales, this study focuses on ex-ploring the reasons behind the information asymmetry phenomenon between employers and fresh graduates through Mark Granovetter’s weak Ties theory and discrimination theory.