In the northern part of the Ordos Basin, there is a 325 km long arc-shaped Langshan uplift and a 15 km-deep Linhe Trench in front of Langshan, which are rare geological phenomena for which origins no one has explained. This article comprehensively analyzes the research achievements over the past 40 years of geology, geomorphology, seismic exploration, paleogeography, and oil and gas exploration in the Ordos Basin and Langshan. It recognizes that the northern part of the Ordos Basin experienced a meteorite impact in the Late Cretaceous period. The impact pushed the block northwest ward, subducting after colliding with igneous rocks in the north. This sudden event formed a clear arc-shaped mountain zone in the north and a wedge-shaped trench in front of the mountain. The chaotic layers, prolonged and continuous faults, and numerous thrust layers in the Langshan, a negative anomaly area in the center of the northern Ordos, abnormal orientation of crystalline basement structures in the north of Ordos, Moho uplift, and distribution of meteorite fragments in the northwest of Langshan, all of these geological phenomena support the occurrence of the meteorite impact event, forming the arc-shaped Langshan and the Trench.
References
[1]
Zhao, C.Y., Guo, Z.M. and Hui, B.Y. (1984) Hetaoarcuate Tectonic System and Their Mechanism of Formation and Evolution. Oil & Gas Geology, 4, 349-361.
[2]
Guo, Z.M. and Yu, Z.P. (1990) Structural Characteristics, Mechanism of Evolution and Petroleum Prospecting of HetaoGraben System. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 3, 11-20.
[3]
Fu, S.T., Fu, J.H., Yu, J., et al. (2018) Petroleum Geological Features and Exploration Prospect of Linhe Depression in Hetao Basin, China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 5, 749-762. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(18)30084-3
[4]
Zhang, R.F., He, H.Q., Chen, S.G., Li, G.X., Liu, X.H., Guo, X.J., Wang, S.C., Fan, T.Z., Wang, H.L., Liu, J. and Cao, L.Z. (2020) New Understandings of Petroleum Geology and Great Discovery in the Linhe Depression, Hetao Basin. China Petroleum Exploration, 6, 1-12.
[5]
Xiong, X.S., Rui, G., Zhang, X.Z., Li, Q.S. and Hou, H.S. (2011) The Moho Depth of North China and Northeast China Revealed by Seismic Detection. Acta Geosciences Sinica, 1, 46-50.
[6]
He, Z.J. (2013) Research on the Application of Comprehensive Processing and Interpretation of Gravity and Magnetism in the Ordos Regional Tectonics. Master’s Thesis, China University of Geosciences, Beijing.
[7]
Li, W.G., Li, Q.F. and Jiang, W.D. (1996) Lithostratigraphy of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Press of China Geosciences University, Wuhan.
[8]
Liu, C.Y., Zhao, H.G., Gui, X.J., Yue, L.P., Zhao, J.F. and Wang, J.Q. (2006) Space-Time Coordinate of the Evolution and Reformation and Mineralization Response in Ordos Basin. Acta Geologica Sinica, 80, 617-638.
[9]
Bao, H.P., Shao, D.B., Hao, S.L., Zhang, G.S., Ruan, Z.Z., Liu, G. and Ouyang, Z.J. (2019) Basement Structure and Evolution of Early Sedimentary Cover of the Ordos Basin. Earth Science Frontiers, 1, 33-43.
[10]
Feng, J.P., Li, W.H. and Ouyang, Z.J. (2020) Tectonic and Depositional Evolution of MesoNeo Proterozoic in Ordos Area. Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 4, 634-642.
[11]
Feng, X.D. (2017) The Cretaceous Sedimentation on Both North and South of Mount Langshan and Their Constraints on Its Uplift. China University of Petroleum, Beijing.
[12]
Yang, X.C. (2018) Uplift Process of the Western Section of Yinshan from Mesozoic to Cenozoic Period and Its Geological Implications. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing.
[13]
Teng, J.W., Wang, F.Y., Zhao, W.Z., Zhao, J.R., Li, M., Tian, X.B., Yan, Y.F., Zhang, Y.Q., Zhang, C.K., Duan, Y.H., Yang, Z.X. and Xu, C.F. (2008) Velocity Distribution of Upper Crust, Undulation of Sedimentary Formation and Crystalline Basement Beneath the Ordos Basin in North China. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 6, 1753-1766.
[14]
Ding, Y., Hou, Z. and Wu, Y.X. (2021) World Impact Caters. Geological Review, 4, 1095-1104.
Lenauer, I. and Riller, U. (2012) Strain Fabric Evolution within and Near Deformed Igneous Sheets: The Sudbury Igneous Complex, Canada. Tectonophysics, 558-559, 45-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2012.06.021
[17]
Erickson, T.M., Timms, N.E., Kirkland, C.I., Tohver, E., Cavosie, A.J., Pearce, M.A. and Reddy, S.M. (2017) Shocked Monazite Chronometry: Integrating Microstructural and in Situ Isotopic Age Data for Determining Precise Impact Ages. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 172, 11.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-017-1328-2
[18]
Gulick, S.P.S., Christeson, G.L., Barton, P.J., Grieve, R.A.F., Morgan, J.V. and Fucugauchi, J.U. (2013) Geophysical Characterization of the Chicxulub Impact Crater. Reviews of Geophysics, 51, 31-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/rog.20007
[19]
Pickersgill, A.E., Christou, E., Mark, D.F., et al. (2019) Six Million Years of Hydrothermal Activity at Chicxulub? [Abstract 5082]. Large Meteorite Impacts VI, LPI Contribution No. 2136, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston.
[20]
Ruan, X.M., Teng, J.W., An, Y.L., et al. (2011) Analysis of Magnetic Anomaly and Crystalline Basement of the Yinshanorogen and the Northern Ordos Basin Regions. Chinese Journal of Geophysics Chinese Edition, 9, 2272-2282.
[21]
Lv, H.B., Feng, X.D., Wang, J., Zhu, X.Q., Dong, X.P., Zhang, H.C. and Zhang, Y.X. (2018) Ophiolitic Mélanges Found in Mount Langshan as the Crucial Evidence of Collisional Margin between North China Craton and Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Geological Review, 64, 777-803.
[22]
Fan, L.Y. (2019) The Indicating Significance of the Geomorphic Parameters of the Lateral Water System in Wulamountain, Inner Mongolia, to the Uplift of the Mountain. China University of Geosciences, Beijing.
